Retinopathy is relatively common in nondiabetic populations, and its long-term prognostic implications are not certain. For this reason, the authors hypothesized that retinal alterations were associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in nondiabetic individuals participating in the Beaver Dam Eye Study in Wisconsin. Included in the analysis were 4,294 nondiabetic subjects aged 43-84...

The diagnosis of systemic diseases, such as vasculitis, may be difficult because of an uncharacteristic clinical presentation or the inability to obtain histopathological confirmation. Classification criteria for the systemic vasculitides have been composed as a guide for the diagnostic process. If polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is strongly suspected histological confirmation is not mandatory for t...

Purpose. To report a new clinical finding related to Fabry disease. Methods. Fabry subjects were enrolled in the study, matched for age and sex with healthy individuals as a control group. This is a prospective review of all upper lid pictures taken for every subject at their last visit. A 4-step grading scale is proposed to classify this new entity. Results. Group A (Fabry) comprised 16 males ...

An aneurysm is an abnormal formation of a blood vessel. Aneurysms are divided into 4 according to their shape (saccular, microaneurysm, giant, and fusiform). The caused by many factors (patient risk factors, hemodynamic stress, involvement cytokines inflammatory mediators as well macrophages, T cells, mast cells). diagnosis carried out with the help tools such MRA CT angiography. In providing m...

The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors for a recurrence or persistence of diabetic macular oedema (DME) after a sub-Tenon's capsule triamcinolone acetonide (STTA) injection. The medical records of 124 patients (124 eyes) treated by STTA were reviewed. The age, sex, HbA1c level, best-corrected visual acuity, central macular thickness, insulin use, pioglitazone use, systemic hy...

The pathophysiologic role of hemodynamic alteration to peripheral vessels in Moyamoya angiopathy and the formation of microaneurysms remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate microaneurysms in collateral Moyamoya vessels by using 7T ultra-high-field MR imaging. Ten patients with Moyamoya disease were evaluated with TOF-MRA at 7T acquired with 0.22 × 0.22 × 0.41 mm(3) resolut...

Diabetic Retinopathy is an eye disease which occurs due to damage in the retina as a result of long term illness of diabetic mellitus. Microaneurysm detection is the first step in automated screening of diabetic retinopathy. To perform this detection, several methods have been proposed in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. In this paper, initially the pre-processing techniques like gamma co...

In this paper, a method for automatic detection of microaneurysms in digital eye fundus image is described. To develop an automated diabetic retinopathy screening system, a detection of dark lesions in digital fundus photographs is needed. Microaneurysms are the first clinical sign of diabetic retinopathy and they appear small red dots on retinal fundus images. The number of microaneurysms is u...

Leakage of the contrast medium was noted on angiograms of a patient whose autopsied brain disclosed typical pathological findings of hemorrhagic infarction. The case was a 63-year old woman with mitral valve failure, who suddenly had loss of consciousness and right-sided hemiplegia. The left carotid angiography performed six hours after onset demonstrated middle cerebral arterial axis occlusion...

BACKGROUND Segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) is a rare non inflammatory vascular disease that can present with massive haemorrhage, which may lead to death without prompt surgical intervention. CASE PRESENTATION A 60 years old Aboriginal female presented with life threatening, spontaneous intra-abdominal bleeding requiring an emergency laparotomy. The source of bleeding was found to be rupt...