BACKGROUND A microemulsion propofol causes a high incidence of pain during intravenous injection. In this study, we investigated the effect of ramosetron on pain induced by microemulsion propofol injection. METHODS After prospective power analysis and institutional review board approval, a total of 200 ASA I and II patients undergoing general anesthesia were divided into 4 groups. They receiv...

BACKGROUND The injection pain of microemulsion propofol is frequent and difficult to prevent. This study examined the prevention of pain during microemulsion propofol injection by pretreatment with different doses of remifentanil or saline, and premixing of lidocaine. METHODS One hundred sixty ASA physical status 1-2 adult patients scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled into one of four...

the use of an inorganic phase in water-in-oil (w/o) microemulsion   has   received considerable attention recently for preparing metal oxide   nanoparticles. this is a technique, which allows preparation of ultrafine   metal oxide nanoparticles within the size range 40 to 80 nm. preparation of   nano zno and cr 2 o 3 studied, investigated in the inverse   microemulsion system. therefore the nuc...

Acoustic spectroscopy was used to monitor the droplet size distribution in a classic three component system of heptane, water, and aerosol-OT (AOT). The size of the reverse microemulsion drops was varied by changing the molar ratio of water to AOT surfactant. The acoustic results for this transparent microemulsion were found to be in close agreement with literature results obtained with small a...

Lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO2) powders with an R3 m structure are successfully synthesized via a developed reverse microemulsion process. This method can effectively reduce the calcination temperature for synthesizing monophasic LiNiO2 powders to 700 C, which is much lower than that in the solid-state process. Nanosized LiNiO2 powders with narrow particle size distribution are obtained via the m...

The mixture of C12E5 microemulsion with PEG have been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering and dynamic light scattering in order to determine structure and dynamic of the system. Light scattering experiment shown an exponential relaxation for pure C12E5 microemulsion that with increasing of PEG concentration in the C12E5 microemulsion, relaxation becomes non-exponential, which demonstrates t...

The design of a synthesis strategy for metal nanoparticles by templating dense microemulsions is proposed. Particle size is controlled by surfactant size rather than by microemulsion composition. The strategy was demonstrated with various systems with different surfactant: cationic, anionic and non-ionic and of different sizes. Formulations were determined using the microemulsion phase diagrams...

A detailed characterization of the microemulsion composition is necessary to make the phosphorimetry suitable as powerful analytical methodology. Four microemulsion systems (hexane/n-butanol/SDS/water, hexane/n-pentanol/SDS/water, hexane/3-pentanol/SDS/ water, and hexane/n-hexanol/SDS/water) were studied, establishing the oil/water (O/W) microemulsion composition with best phosphorimetric chara...

Changing the formulation variables of microemulsion systems has a significant influence on the resulting transdermal enhancement effect. NMR diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) can offer an extremely valuable tool to interpret the differences in the obtained fluxes based on variations in self-diffusions between the drug and its locus domain. From the clinical editor: Microemulsion systems are...

the paper is focused on the formation of calcium phosphate nanoparticles (cp) in polyelectrolyte-modified microemulsions, in a microemulsion template phase consisting of cyclohexane, water, anionic surfactantant and cosurfactant, in the presence of anionic and cationic polyelectrolyte. it is shown that polyelectrolyte, can be incorporated into the individual inverse microemulsion droplets. the ...