Background The prevalence of obesity has increased to epidemic proportions and, as a result, the number of bariatric surgeries has increased worldwide. To date, bariatric surgery remains the sole medical intervention that achieves considerable and sustained weight loss. As both obesity and bariatric surgery are associated with nutritional deficiencies, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ...

Malnutrition increases morbidity and mortality and affects physical growth and development, some of these effects resulting from specific micronutrient deficiencies. While public health efforts must be targeted to improve dietary intakes in children through breast feeding and appropriate complementary feeding, there is a need for additional measures to increase the intake of certain micronutrie...

BACKGROUND Multiple micronutrient deficiencies are common among women in low-income countries and may adversely affect pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVE To conduct a meta-analysis of the effects on stillbirths and on early and late neonatal mortality of supplementation during pregnancy with multiple micronutrients compared with iron-folic acid in recent randomized, controlled trials. METHODS Tw...

A potential risk of interactions between micronutrients affecting absorption and bioavailability has to be considered in any supplementation or fortification strategy. At levels of essential micronutrients present in foods, most micronutrients appear to utilise specific absorptive mechanisms and not be vulnerable to interactions. In aqueous solutions and at higher intake levels competition betw...

Micronutrient deficiency affects about 2 billion people all over the world. The major micronutrient deficiencies which are of public health importance include vitamin A, iron and iodine deficiencies. The deficiencies of these micronutrients cause a variety of morbidities and increased mortality which are most severe in children, adolescent girls and pregnant women. Despite the magnitude of thes...

Reproductive well-being and performance of farm animals is largely dependent on their nutritional status, which is often less than optimum in developing tropical countries. More often than not, they are malnourished, particularly with regards to micronutrients. Evidence was presented to show that because these micronutrients are involved in such functions as intracellular detoxification of free...

Results of field and laboratory studies provide convincing evidence that micronutrient deficiencies contribute to the mortality and morbidity of infectious diseases. Despite encouraging results in large trials, understanding the mechanisms by which micronutrients contribute to the outcome of the encounter between an individual and an infectious agent requires additional hypothesis-driven resear...

Over the past 60 years there have been fundamental changes in the quality and quantity of food available to us as a nation. The character, growing method, preparation, source and ultimate presentation of basic staples have changed significantly to the extent that trace elements and micronutrient contents have been severely depleted. This trend, established in a review of the 5th Edition of McCa...

To survive challenging environments, animals acquired the ability to evaluate food quality in the intestine and respond to nutrient deficiencies with changes in food-response behavior, metabolism and development. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying intestinal sensing of specific nutrients, especially micronutrients such as vitamins, and the connections to downstream physiological resp...

background: micronutrient deficiency is one of the major public health problems in the middle east affecting economic, political and social development of countries. the three commonest micronutrient deficiencies belong to iron, iodine and vitamin a.  methods: we conducted a systematic review of published english articles in the middle east countries using databases from pubmed, world health or...