background: the most common chromosomal abnormality due to non-obstructive azoospermia (noa) is klinefelter syndrome (ks) which occurs in 1-1.72 out of 500-1000 male infants. the probability of retrieving sperm as the outcome could be asymmetrically different between patients with and without ks, therefore logistic regression analysis is not a well-qualified test for this type of data. this stu...

This study aimed to investigate the relation between the testicular sperm assay (TESA) and sex hormone level or testicular volume in patients with azoospermia induced by mumps. Samples from 52 patients with mumps-induced azoospermia were subjected to TESA, and then the sperm activity was observed microscopically. The sex hormone level was detected with an electrochemical assay, and ultrasound w...

Male genital tract obstructions may result from infections, previous inguinal and scrotal surgery (vasectomy) and congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). Microsurgery can sometimes be successful in treating the obstruction. In other cases and in cases of failed surgical intervention, the patient can be treated by microsurgical or percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (MESA,...

OBJECTIVE Azoospermia owing to testicular disorders is the most severe manifestation of male infertility. The main concern for patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the probability of successful sperm retrieval following testicular sperm extraction (TESE). Therefore, the goal of this study was to determine predictive factors correlated with sperm retrieval. METHODS We assessed the...

Advances of the last two decadesin the treatment of azoospermic men enabled recovery of testicular spermatozoa and fertilization of the oocytes with ICSI. Since the introduction of the retrieval of testicular sperm by tissue extraction [1,2], ICSI with testicular sperm has become a routine procedure initially for patients with obstructive azoospermia (OA) [1,2], and later for non-obstructive az...

The aim of this comparative clinical study was to examine whether the fertilizing potential of frozen-thawed testicular sperm in the most severe cases of hypospermatogenesis is reduced compared with fresh testicular sperm. The results could determine the necessity of using fresh testicular sperm cells, which mandates involving the spouse by performing simultaneous in vitro fertilization intracy...