background: to determine the prevalence of outpatient and hospitalization for cataract surgery in iran. methods: a random cluster sampling was done in a cross-sectional study on cataract surgeries performed in treatment centers of ophthalmology in iran between 2000 and 2005. one week of each season was selected randomly and all cataract surgery files of the center were studied. this study repor...

introduction: chronic otitis media (com), a persistent and durable inflammation and infection of the middle ear, is a common disorder. alterations in the contralateral ear in sufferers have been observed in recent years. because only a few studies have been reported in this area, we performed this study in order to assess alterations in the contralateral ear of patients with com.   materials an...

background in rhinoplasty, functional and cosmetic problems of the nose are corrected. these problems cause imbalance between the nasal subunit and face. throughout these deformities, there are 4 variants, so there is a need for careful preoperative evaluation either for treatment or prevention of the occurrence. according to functional and aesthetic effects of these variables in rhinoplasty, e...

every year, millions of muslims from all over the world, are going to participate in the pilgrimage hajj located in mecca in kingdom of saudi arabia (ksa). the accumulation of many people from all parts of the world in terms of health management is of great importance. in fact, every person could be a carrier of various chronic or acute diseases. this huge population may lead to occurrence of s...

this paper investigates the relationship between total energy consumption and gdp in six countries of the middle east , including iran,pakistan,saudi arabia,oman,bahrain and the united arab emirates. the data are annual and spanning the period 1980-2012.we employed hsiao’s (1981) methodology to examine causality relation between total energy consumption and gdp.the empirical findings show a uni...

Several deficient steel structural members require to be strengthened all over the world. In this article, horizontal defects were generated at three locations (top, middle, and bottom) on the middle element and the middle of the side element. Consequently, the effects of the location of such defects on axial behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strengthened steel Square Hollow Se...

Middle rectal artery is one of the important arteries supplying the rectum, along with the superior and inferior rectal arteries. Study of middle rectal artery was undertaken as it is important in surgeries of rectal carcinoma. .For the present study 40 pelvises were procured from the department of Anatomy of Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pune.Variations were found in the origin of middle re...

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