Observational analyses of the association between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality often suggest that overweight is neutral or beneficial, but such analyses are potentially confounded by smoking or by reverse causation. The use of BMI measured in early adulthood offers one means of reducing the latter problem. We used a cohort who were first measured while 16-24 year old students a...

The Marketing literature recognizes the importance of nationally branded products. Since the middle ages, buyers have used brands to help infer brand quality. Now, the nature of this branding has changed. Private labels baring the name of national retailers dominate many markets. However, small local retailers are often unable to support their own private labels. Consequently, these retailers h...

We have previously reported a strong positive association between average day time and nighttime heart rate measured during 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and usual alcohol intake. Acute alcohol consumption has been previously described to reduce ECG indices of vagal activity, and men who are severely dependent on alcohol have been reported to have significantly lower indices of c...

Although research investigating ethnic differences in mental health has increased in recent years, we know relatively little about how mental health trajectories vary across ethnic groups. Do these differences occur at certain ages but not others? We investigate ethnic variation in trajectories of depressive symptoms, and we examine the extent to which disadvantages in family background, high s...

PURPOSE This study was designed to examine the effects of a bereavement intervention program on levels of depression and life satisfaction in middle aged widows in Korea. METHODS A quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent control-group pretest-posttest was used. The subjects (control group, n = 10; intervention group, n = 17) were bereaved less than 6 months in G City and J Province, Kor...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether sleep duration is associated with self-rated health and quality of life in adults residing in New South Wales, Australia. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 45 and Up Study were used. Sleep duration, self-rated health, quality of life and other health-related variables were assessed using a self-report questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression models wer...

In a prospective multi-panel cohort study, we investigated how, from late middle age, individuals' health status improves or declines. In the Canadian National Population Health Survey, transition probabilities between different health states were estimated for 4330 people (58.8% women) aged 55+ at baseline over 2-year intervals from 1994 to 2000. Health status was defined by a deficit count, u...

Young adult (X- = 29) and middle aged (X- =50) hypertensive and normotensive subjects were compared with respect to seven neuropsychological test scores derived from tests on the Halstead-Reitan battery. Age main effects, with inferior performance for the middle aged subjects, were observed for the localization and time portions of the Tactile Performance Test (TPT) and for the Trail Making A t...

In the middle ages, most people were dependent on “scribes”, who helped them to write down their thoughts, ideas, and stories, as well as to read the material written by other people. Many people today are in the same situation with respect to digital media: they are unable to express themselves, explore problem spaces, appropriate tools, and act as designers in personally meaningful tasks. The...

PURPOSE Comparison of TB incidence in young and middle age group between urban/surrounding area and other area. MATERIAL & METHODS TB incidence in young and middle age group by sex, nationality, labor status and prefecture is calculated with data of National Population Survey and TB surveillance in 2005. Risk factors of TB infection/break down such as public transportation, poverty, populatio...