The creation of virtual reality simulations for training or analysis is an arduous process requiring specialized knowledge. Graphical models and even animated, articulated figures can now be obtained from websites or hired artists. Even after these assets are obtained, putting scenes together and authoring character behaviors can be a lengthy process. Furthermore, ensuring that character behavi...

Planning military operations is arguably the most complex and critical activity undertaken by any modern organisation. Equipment and supplies are expensive, errors can be deadly and affect the sovereignty of nations, operational tempo is high and small details can sometimes make all the difference. This paper describes an R&D program being undertaken by Command and Control Division (C2D) of DST...

This paper reports 2 baseline studies and one experiment performed in a confined-space military vehicle concerning the effects on fitness and performance of time in a sitting posture and workstation characteristics. On average physical fitness decreased by slightly more than 10% per hour, the observation performance decreased by 30% per hour, and the technical performance (of gunners) showed a ...

More than 1,000 boxes of sewage sludge are stockpiled at this base camp. It was composted during the beginning of a pilot study in 2004. Armies around the globe have always had to deal with the problem of solid waste. Today, a large percentage of solid waste is packaging materials (cardboard, paper, and plastic), in addition to waste food and sewage sludge. While much of the solid waste generat...

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BACKGROUND Military professionals who deploy to combat operations may encounter hazards that could adversely affect reproductive health. Pregnant women are generally exempt from deployment to military operations; however, exposures to such environments may inadvertently occur. We investigated whether maternal deployment during pregnancy was associated with adverse health outcomes in infants. ...

OBJECTIVE This pilot study examined the extent to which a specific mechanism of emotion regulation - namely, ambivalence concerning the expressiveness of German soldiers' emotions - affects the severity of PTSD symptoms after a military operation. METHODOLOGY A survey was conducted at three points in time among 66 soldiers deployed on military crisis operations. The Harvard Trauma Questionair...

We recently described threats to the terrestrial biological resources on the Mariana islands of Guam and Tinian resulting from the large-scale buildup of military operations. Attitudes that view these military buildup plans in a zero sum context whereby the positives of greater security and improved local economy can be attained only with corresponding negatives of environmental destruction are...

Furthermore, as argued in earlier chapters of this report, gaining knowledge is as much a contest as is maneuver or the effective application of firepower in military operations. Thus, we have focused here on relative measures beginning with relative knowledge, for which we developed the knowledge metric. This metric expresses the relationship between ideal and actual knowledge, for both sides,...