CYP3A29 is the most important key enzyme for drug metabolism in pig's liver. Research of the characters of CYP3A29 mRNA expression in Chinese experimental miniature pig's livers is significant for evaluating it whether suitable for experimental model for drug metabolism mediated by human CYP3A4 enzyme. In this study, the levels of CYP3A29 mRNA expression in livers of Bama miniature pigs, Guizho...

BACKGROUND Hemodynamic assistance with a miniature intracardiac pump may fill the treatment gap between use of an intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) and the current, more invasive ventricular assist devices. The objective of this study was to compare the hemodynamic efficacy of a miniature intracardiac pump device with that of IABP. METHODS AND RESULTS Reversible acute mitral regurgitation (AMR)...

Miniature neurotransmission is the transsynaptic process where single synaptic vesicles spontaneously released from presynaptic neurons induce miniature postsynaptic potentials. Since their discovery over 60 years ago, miniature events have been found at every chemical synapse studied. However, the in vivo necessity for these small-amplitude events has remained enigmatic. Here, we show that min...

Spontaneous miniature synaptic activity is caused by action potential (AP)-independent release of transmitter vesicles and is regulated at the level of single synapses. In cultured cortical neurons we have used this spontaneous vesicle turnover to load the styryl dye FM1-43 into synapses with high rates of miniature synaptic activity. Automated selection procedures restricted analysis to synaps...

RATIONALE A miniature time-of-flight mass spectrometer measuring 20 cm in length has been adapted to demonstrate two-step laser desorption/ionization (LDI) in a compact instrument package for enhanced organics detection. Two-step LDI decouples the desorption and ionization processes, relative to traditional LDI, in order to produce low-fragmentation mass spectra of organic analytes. Tuning the ...

Kidney size may be altered in renal diseases, and the detection of kidney size alteration has diagnostic and prognostic values. We hypothesized that radiographic kidney size, the kidney length to the second lumbar vertebra (L2) length ratio, in normal Miniature Schnauzer dogs may be overestimated due to their shorter vertebral length. This study was conducted to evaluate radiographic and ultras...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effects of two different perfusion techniques: conventional cardiopulmonary bypass and miniature cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the University Hospital of Santa Maria--RS. METHODS We perform a retrospective, cross-sectional study, based on data collected from the patients operated between 2010 and 2013. We analyzed th...

Considerable interest has been focused on miniature biofuel cells (BFCs) because of their portability and possibility to be implantable. Origami devices with hollow channels will provide novel insight into the assembly methods of miniature BFCs. Herein a miniature origami BFC has been fabricated from a MnO2-graphite flake consumed solid-state cathode. For further practical applications, miniatu...

The study of Newtonian mechanics gives students the first chance to question their commonsense assumptions and replace them with a more comprehensive worldview. is cornerstone contemporary science. Furthermore, despite its essential significance, multiple studies demonstrate how challenging it properly comprehend key elements Newton’s equations. Any initiatives increase teaching options are the...

Stingless bees may produce both large queens and "miniature" queens, but the adaptive significance of this is uncertain. Using biometry and statistical analysis we determined the proportion of miniature queens in Plebeia remota that were either mated (14%) or virgin (45%). Mated queens were mostly normalsized which indicated that they were more successful. Nevertheless, the presence of miniatur...