The effect of different processing routes on the microstructure of nanocrystalline ceria powder has been investigated. The nanocrystalline ceria is produced by solid state high energy ball milling (HEBM) and liquid state solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method. The liquid state route consists of a high temperature combustion reaction to form ceria from an aqueous solution of cerium ammonium ...

Recent advances in gas turbine combustor design are aimed at achieving low exhaust emissions, hence modern aircraft jet engines are designed with lean-burn combustion systems. In the present work, we report an experimental study on lean combustion in a liquid fuel burner, operated under a non-premixed (single point injection) regime that mimics the combustion in a modern aircraft engine. The fl...

The widespread use of brominated flame-retarded products in the last two decades has resulted in an increasing presence of bromine in thermal processes such as waste combustion and accidental fires. Brominated and brominated-chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDDs/PBDFs, PXDDs/PXDFs) are micropollutants of concern arising from such processes. The present review aims to evaluate the ...

Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) and dibenzofurans (PBDFs) occur as trace (ppb) contaminants in brominated flame retardants and are produced during combustion of these chemicals. They are also formed when organics are incinerated in the presence of bromine, e.g., in municipal and industrial incinerators and in internal-combustion engines. Combustion of organics in the presence of both b...

Kinetic analysis and isotopic tracer studies were used to identify elementary steps and their reversibility in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane on VOx /ZrO2 catalysts with VOx surface densities between 1.6 and 6 VOx /nm2. Competitive reactions of C3H6 and CH3CH2CH3 showed that CO forms via secondary combustion of propene intermediates. CO2 formed via this reaction and also via the direc...