Non-thermal microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) act via voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) activation. Calcium channel blockers block EMF effects and several types of additional evidence confirm this mechanism. Low intensity microwave EMFs have been proposed to produce neuropsychiatric effects, sometimes called microwave syndrome, and the focus of this review is whether th...

There is a huge development in mobile communications in Europe and consequently, the need for training engineering students in microwave design is growing. We present here some students projects aimed at designing microwave subsystems in MMIC and HMIC technology, for different wireless communications applications. They have been performed at LHOG/ENSERG (INPG), France. The capabilities and cons...

A planar inverted F antenna is combined with passive (reactively loaded) elements in order to implement a multi-frequency configuration appropriate for biomedical applications in microwave frequencies. A case study of an electronically Reconfigurable PIFA (R-PIFA) is pursued for the detection of temperature abnormalities in human tissue phantom using microwave radiometry, where the performance ...

The safety of mobile telephones is a pressing question, now that the brains of nearly half the humans on the planet have become exposed within a short span of time to a physical agent to which their ancestors’ genes could not have adapted. It is no surprise then that epidemiologists have taken an interest in possible health effects of microwave exposure from mobile telephony. Few had experience...

In Japan, the total number of mobile-phone and personal handy-phone system (PHS) users reached 111 million as of the end of February 2009 and the penetration rate of the third-generation mobile communications system (IMT-2000) exceeded 88%. These figures testify to the provision of a data communications environment for mobile users. At the same time, the use of data communications via mobile ph...

Objective(s) The possible risks of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) for the living organisms and human body are a growing concern for our society. In this study, we examined the possibility of changes in working memory and hippocampal histological characteristics effects in mice brain following whole body exposure to microwave radiation. Materials and Methods During gestation per...

With 5.9 billion reported users, mobile phones constitute a new, ubiquitous and rapidly growing exposure worldwide. Mobile phones are two-way microwave radios that also emit low levels of electromagnetic radiation. Inconsistent results have been published on potential risks of brain tumors tied with mobile phone use as a result of important methodological differences in study design and statist...

Microstrip patch antennas are used for mobile phone applications due to their small size, low cost, ease of production etc. The MSA has proved to be an excellent radiator for many applications because of its several advantages, but it also has some disadvantages. Lower gain and narrow bandwidth are the major drawbacks of a patch antenna. In this paper, a survey on the existing solutions for the...

This paper features a radical and highly accurate method of designing a microwave amplifier. A Full-wave Electromagnetic Simulator, which is based on the Methodof-Moments (MoM) numerical method, is used in parallel with the conventional microwave circuit simulator to demonstrate a superior performance outcome such as Stability, Return Loss and Small Signal Gain. This method known as EM/Circuit ...

Radio Frequency (RF) engineers are faced many times with the following two questions: “What are the effects of radio waves on human health?” and, more specifically, “What health risks are associated with the use of cell phones, mobile radios, microwave radios, microwave ovens, broadcast radio and television transmitters, power lines and X-rays?” In recent times, many people have expressed an in...