The U.S. Code of Federal Regulations governing federally funded research on human subjects assumes that harmful research is sometimes morally justifiable because the beneficiaries of that research share a particular vulnerability with its subjects. In this article, I argue against this assumption, which occurs in every subpart of the Code of Federal Regulations that deals with specific vulnerab...

Inevitably, assessing the moral value of life seems to leave us stuck between a rock and a hard place. If we hold that life is intrinsically valua­ ble, that commits us to respecting plants and paramecia as ends in them­ selves and to explaining how the change from organic to inorganic is in and of itself a moral loss. That evalu­ ation seems exaggerated, and who knows how even to begin to expl...

目的 基于Transformer架构的网络在图像分类中表现出优异的性能。然而，注意力机制往往只关注图像中的显著性特征，而忽略了其他区域的次级显著信息，基于自注意力机制的Transformer也是如此。为了获取更多的有效信息，从有区别的潜在性特征中学习到更多的可判别特征，提出了一种互补注意多样性特征融合网络（complementary attention diversity feature fusion network，CADF），通过关注次显特征和对通道与空间特征协同编码，以增强特征多样性的注意感知。方法 CADF由潜在性特征模块（potential module，PFM）和多样性特征融合模块（diversity module，DFFM）组成。PFM模块通过聚合空间与通道中感兴趣区域得到显著性特征，再对特征的显著性进行抑制，以强制网络挖掘潜在性特征，从而增强网络对微小判别特征的感知。...

Jürgen Habermas is regarded as a central bioconservative commentator in the debate on the ethics of human prenatal genetic manipulations. While his main work on this topic, The Future of Human Nature, has been widely examined in regard to his position on prenatal genetic enhancement, his arguments regarding prenatal genetic therapeutic interventions have for the most part been overlooked. In th...

Is research aimed at preserving the fertility of cancer patients morally justified? In response to this question, some people would resoundingly answer “yes.” Many oncofertility researchers and some survivors of cancer who are now infertile would probably react this way. But others might say “no,” in particular people who worry about the just distribution of scarce resources, the risks to patie...

Intrusion detection systems are designed to provide security in computer networks, so that if the attacker crosses other security devices, they can detect and prevent the attack process. One of the most essential challenges in designing these systems is the so called curse of dimensionality. Therefore, in order to obtain satisfactory performance in these systems we have to take advantage of app...

Technological development is not morally neutral. A number of ethical issues may emerge during the design and development of (new) technologies. The implications for the responsibility of engineers and corporations are discussed and possibilities for Technology Assessment (TA) that may help to fulfil these responsibilities are explored. In particular the possibilities and limitations of two act...

Speciesists believe that membership in a particular species is morally relevant. Morally relevant properties entitle their possessors to have their interests considered preferentially relative to those individuals who lack that property. Those dispensing consideration incur obligations or, minimally, options, to act with bias. As a matter of fact, all known speciesists are human speciesists, no...