This paper describes a fully embedded distributed evolutionary system that is able to achieve collision-free navigation in a few hundreds of trials. It reports the first experimental proof of the embedded evolution concept applied to the evolution of morphology and an unstructured control circuit of a population of six real robots in real time. Evolution selects the appropriate sensor configura...

Interdigital webbing has evolved repeatedly in tropical salamanders (bolitoglossines). This derived foot morphology is only one of many homoplastic traits in this diverse amphibian clade. Indeed, few if any morphological traits sort lineages within this clade. We investigate the processes underlying the homoplastic evolution of morphological characters in these salamanders by analyzing selectiv...

This special volume of the Anatomical Record focuses on the evolutionary morphology of New World monkeys. The studies range from three-dimensional surface geometry of teeth to enamel ultrastructure; from cranioskeletal adaptations for eating leaves and seeds to the histology of taste bud proxies; from the architecture of its bones to the mechanoreceptors of the tail's skin; from the physical pr...