ABSTRACT: Many traditional brick-and-mortar businesses supplement their physical outlets with e-commerce capabilities on the Web, but there has been lit tle empirical research on the underlying dynamics of the “click-and-mortar” business approach. This paper develops a conceptual framework that highlights the four types of synergies obtained by integrating e-commerce with physical infrastructur...

The design of repair mortars started from the characterization of the original mortar samples preserved in small areas in the floors of the Dungeon Tower, Bač Fortress. Two materials (waste brick and clay material) were investigated in order to select the pozzolanic material which later was a component of the repair mortar. Based on the compatibility test of the examined old mortars and of the ...

Mortars containing carbon, polyethylene, and stainless steel fibers at the same volume fraction and with similar fiber diameters were compared in terms of tensile, compressive, and flexural properties. Carbon fibers, though having the lowest tensile modulus, stren[?th, and elongation at break among the fiber types, [?ave mortar of the highest tensile strenf?th and lowest cost; polyethylene fibe...

Cellulose ethers are polymers frequently introduced into mortar formulations in order to improve water retention capacity and workability of the freshly mixed materials. Cellulose derivatives can induce excellent water retention thanks to the possible superposition of two phenomena. Mortar rheology can impact water retention, increasing media viscosity. Other specific effects provided by cellul...

The development of alkali-activated binders seems to present a greener alternative to OPC. The present study has been made on the low calcium fly ash with alkali activator as an alternative binding material as mortar. The mortar has been prepared with ennore sand and Indian fly ash mixed with alkali activator fluid consisting of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide of different concentrations. ...

The physical and mechanical properties of mortar containing synthetic cosurfactants as air entraining agent are investigated. The cosurfactants consist of a combination of 2% dodecyl benzene sodium sulfonate (DBSS) and either 1.5% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or 1.5% polyoxyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (POE). Also these cosurfactants were used to prepare copolymers latex: styrene/butyl methacryl...

Abstract. Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) and mixed finite element (MFE) methods are two popular methods that possess local mass conservation. In this paper we investigate DG-DG and DG-MFE domain decomposition couplings using mortar finite elements to impose weak continuity of fluxes and pressures on the interface. The subdomain grids need not match and the mortar grid may be much coarser, giving a...

The mortar nite element method allows the coupling of diierent discretization schemes and triangulations across subregion boundaries. In the original mortar approach the matching at the interface is realized by enforcing an orthogonality relation between the jump and a modiied trace space which serves as a space of Lagrange multipliers. In this paper, this Lagrange multiplier space is replaced ...

We establish interior velocity superconvergence estimates for mixed finite element approximations of second order elliptic problems on non-matching rectangular and quadrilateral grids. Both mortar and non-mortar methods for imposing the interface conditions are considered. In both cases it is shown that a discrete L2-error in the velocity in a compactly contained subdomain away from the interfa...

Dynamic contact problems in elasticity are dealt with in the framework of nonlinear finite element methods. To this end, the mortar method is applied to take into account the constraint of impenetrability. A new energy-momentum conserving time-stepping scheme for the mortar contact formulation is presented. The proposed method relies on a reparametrization of the contact constraints in terms of...