The study was designed to investigate the effect of estradiol on the excitatory effect of oxytocin (OT) on colon motility. Female Wistar rats were used, and some of them were ovariectomized (OVX) and treated with vehicle or estradiol (E(2)). A plastic balloon made of condom was inserted into colon to monitor the change of colonic pressure in vivo. Longitudinal muscle strips of distal colon were...

The participation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves in the canine gallbladder motility was examined. Efferent stimulation of the parasympathetic (vagus) and sympathetic (celiac) nerves caused contraction or inhibition of the neck, body and fundus of the gallbladder. The contractile response induced by vagus nerve stimulation was reduced by subthreshold efferent stimulation of the ce...

Apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV), a peptide expressed by enterocytes in the mammalian small intestine and released in response to long-chain triglyceride absorption, may be involved in the regulation of gastric acid secretion and gastric motility. The specific aim of the present study was to determine the pathway involved in mediating inhibition of gastric motility produced by apo A-IV. Gastric m...

introduction: to evaluate the quick cryopreservation technique on parameters of motility, morphology, and vitality of spermatozoa from normozoospermic ejaculates. materials and methods: in this prospective study, a total of 37 normal ejaculates were evaluated according to who criteria, then each sample was divided into two aliquets and sample was cryopreserved with quick freezing method. sperm ...

OBJECTIVES Although routinely applied in assisted reproductive technology, human sperm cryopreservation is not a completely successful procedure. Adverse effects of cryopreservation on the fertilization capacity, motility, morphology, and viability of spermatozoa have been proven; cryopreservation has also shown a role in sperm DNA fragmentation and infertility. The post-thaw survival of sperma...

The aim of this study was to reveal the somatosensory nerve fibers mediated generation of De-qi in manual acupuncture stimuli (MAS) and local moxibustion-like stimuli (LMS). The effects of strong and slight MAS, as well as 41°C, 43°C, and 45°C LMS at ST36 and CV12 on gastric motility were observed in rats. Gastric motility was continuously measured by an intrapyloric balloon, and the average am...

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are recognized as the major anions of the large intestinal content in humans, but their effect on colonic motility is controversial. This study explores the colonic motor effect of SCFAs and their mechanisms in the rat. Colonic motility (electromyography) and transit time (plastic markers) were measured in conscious rats while SCFAs were infused into the colon, e...

BACKGROUND Focal subtenon carboplatin injections have recently been used as a presumably toxicity-free adjunct to systemic chemotherapy for intraocular retinoblastoma. OBJECTIVE To report our clinical experience with abnormal ocular motility in patients treated with subtenon carboplatin chemotherapy. METHODS We noted abnormal ocular motility in 10 consecutive patients with retinoblastoma wh...