Information with regard to foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks that occurred in the Kruger National Park (KNP) and adjacent areas of South Africa between 1970 and 2009 was collected from reports and files of various government departments and collated into one report. The collected data were summarised in a table and assessed for patterns. Fifty-one FMD outbreaks occurred during this period ...

The authors describe a questionnaire survey of foot and mouth disease (FMD) and of FMD control by vaccination in sixty villages in northern Thailand. FMD was found to be common, with 90% of the villages surveyed reporting one or more outbreaks in the five years prior to interview, and 28% of villages reporting outbreaks every year. Outbreaks were more common in the wet season (June to September...

This article describes the French scheme for providing compensation to stock farmers located in the prevention and surveillance zones in the vicinity of foot and mouth disease (FMD) outbreak sites and for economic losses suffered as a result of restrictions on animal and animal product movement. As early as 1991, the Groupements de Defense Sanitaire (GDS: Animal Health Groups--associations of s...

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is the major disease constraint on international trade in livestock and their products. In the state of West Bengal, India, 1,082 FMD outbreaks were reported in the 18 years from 1985 to 2002. Of the prevalent four serotypes, O type FMD virus accounted for the most outbreaks (67%), followed by Asia-1 virus type (15%) and A virus type (14%). Outbreaks of the type C F...

Serial tissue culture passaging of three foot-and-mouth disease temperature-sensitive mutants demonstrated the stability of their temperature sensitivity and mouse avirulence characteristics. Recovery of mouse-virulent temperature-sensitive viruses after passage of the mutants in mice suggested that these were not covariant expressions of the same locus, but were under the control of different ...

The complete genome of a foot-and-mouth disease type O virus originating from an epidemic in Greece in 1994 is reported. This virus belongs to the Middle East-South Asia topotype.

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) exists as multiple serotypes and strains that infect a range of cloven-hoofed animals with variable severity. Clinical diagnosis reinforced by diagnostic tests support timely intervention, whilst virus characterisation helps trace routes of spread and select appropriate vaccine strains. To speed up and simplify diagnosis, penside tests have recently been deve...

The authors outline the measures applied in Ireland to prevent the introduction of foot and mouth disease (FMD) from the United Kingdom, France and The Netherlands, to stamp out the disease in Ireland following confirmation of an outbreak on 22 March 2001 and to conduct serological surveillance in order to prove freedom from the disease. Successful control was the result of prompt action and ex...