Daily p.o. administration of 300 mg allopurinol to cancer patients almost completely inhibited the production of 6-thiouric acid from i.v. administered 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) (1000 to 1250 mg). Nonetheless, no effect was observable on the pharmacokinetics of 6-MP in these patients. Applying a two-compartment open model, values for distribution and elimination half-times and inner and outer vol...

In a rabbit model of chronic ileal inflammation, we previously demonstrated inhibition of Na-glucose cotransport (SGLT-1). The mechanism of inhibition was secondary to a decrease in the number of cotransporters and not solely secondary to an inhibition of Na-K-ATPase or altered affinity for glucose. In this study, we determined the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on SGLT-1 inhibition during c...

A molecular-orbital derived polarization ~MP! model is developed and shown to yield good thermodynamic and structural results for liquid water. In this method, each solvent molecule is treated quantum-mechanically by the semiempirical AM1 model, and the charge polarization of the molecule is determined by electronic structure calculations, making use of a hybrid quantum mechanical and molecular...

Background and Purpose—Infections have been hypothesized to play a role in vascular disease. The association between Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection and ischemic stroke remained undetermined. Methods—A total of 1094 patients with MP infection were enrolled as the study group and compared with 5168 sex-, age-, and comorbidity-matched subjects without MP, to be followed up prospectively from...

BACKGROUND The production of protein drugs has recently increased due to advances in biotechnology, but their clinical use is generally limited to parenteral administration due to low absorption in non-parenteral administration. Therefore, non-parenteral delivery systems allowing sufficient absorption draw much attention. METHODS Microparticles (MP) were prepared using chitosan-4-thio-butylam...

PURPOSE This study determined the effects of chitosan (CTS) and water-soluble chitosan (WSC) microparticles (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) in rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity. METHODS THE RATS WERE RANDOMLY SEPARATED INTO EIGHT GROUPS: a normal diet group (the blank control), a high-fat emulsion group (the negative control), CTS and WSC control groups, CTS-MP and WSC-MP groups, and CTS-...

We investigate lepton-number-violating decays $K^\mp \rightarrow \pi^\pm l^\mp l^\mp$ in the presence of sterile neutrinos. consider minimal interactions with Standard-Model fields through Yukawa couplings as well higher-dimensional operators framework neutrino-extended Standard Model Effective Field Theory. use $SU(3)$ chiral perturbation theory to match mesonic and compute decay rate terms ne...

PURPOSE Macular pigment (MP) may protect against age-related macular degeneration. This study was conducted to determine the extent of changes in the macular pigment density as a consequence of oral supplementation with lutein. A second purpose was to compare two objective measurement techniques. METHODS In the first technique, reflectance maps were made with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. ...

OBJECTIVE 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP), the active metabolite of the immunosuppressive prodrug azathioprine, is commonly used in autoimmune diseases and transplant recipients, who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Here, we aimed to gain knowledge on the action of 6-MP in atherosclerosis, with a focus on monocytes and macrophages. METHODS AND RESULTS We demonstrate that 6-MP induces apop...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Infections have been hypothesized to play a role in vascular disease. The association between Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection and ischemic stroke remained undetermined. METHODS A total of 1094 patients with MP infection were enrolled as the study group and compared with 5168 sex-, age-, and comorbidity-matched subjects without MP, to be followed up prospectively fr...