Regarding food safety, rapid detection of microbial species is crucial to develop effective preventive and/or adjustment measures. Classical methods for determining the presence of certain species are time-consuming and labor-intensive, hence, molecular methods, which offer speed, sensitivity and specificity, have been developed to address this problem. Multiplex PCR (MPCR) is widely applied in...

We examine the effectiveness of the individual-punishment mechanism in larger groups, comparing groups of four to groups of 40 participants. We find that the individual punishment mechanism is remarkably robust when the marginal per capita return (MPCR), i.e. the return to each participant from each dollar that is contributed, is held constant. Moreover, the efficiency gains from the punishment...

We describe the first isolation of an enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) O104:H4 strain associated with an acute diarrhea case in Argentina. Two multiplex PCRs (mPCR) were performed as screening of genes mPCR1 (eae, lt, and st) and mPCR2 (IpaH, aggR, stx1 and stx2). A mPCR to detect the rfbO104, fliCH4 and terD genes, and PCR assays for the detection of pCVD432 plasmid, aaiC and lpfO113 ...

In the study nasal and throat swabs were collected from 78 apparently healthy and 69 cases of kennel cough from dogs of different age, sex, breed and places and analysed for presence of Bordetella bronchiseptica through bacterial isolation and multiplex PCR (mPCR). The pathogen could be isolated from an apparently healthy Labrador bitch while with mPCR, 7 (4.76%, 4 from healthy dogs and 3 from ...

AIM This study was aimed to detect Mannheimia haemolytica in lung tissues of sheep and from a bacterial culture. INTRODUCTION M. haemolytica is one of the most important and well-established etiological agents of pneumonia in sheep and other ruminants throughout the world. Accurate diagnosis of M. haemolytica primarily relies on bacteriological examination, biochemical characteristics and, bi...

We compare two fixed-prize mechanisms for funding public goods, an all-pay auction and a lottery, where good provision can only occur if the participants’ contributions equal or exceed value. show that provisional nature of means efficiency endowment conditions must both be satisfied to assure positive provision. Our main finding is lotteries outperform auctions in terms when endowments are lar...

Streptococcussuis is an important zoonotic agent causing severe diseases in pigs and humans. To date, 33 serotypes of S. suis have been identified based on antigenic differences in the capsular polysaccharide. The capsular polysaccharide synthesis (cps) locus encodes proteins/enzymes that are responsible for capsular production and variation in the capsule structures are the basis of S. suis se...

The detection of bacterial and parasitic gastrointestinal pathogens through culture and microscopy is laborious and time-consuming. We evaluated a molecular screening approach (MSA) for the detection of five major enteric pathogens: Salmonella enterica, Campylobacter jejuni, Giardia lamblia, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), and Shigella spp./enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), for use ...

Listeria monocytogenes is the bacterial causative agent of listeriosis, a life-threatening disease for humans, mainly transmitted through contaminated food. Human clinical isolates pathogen are frequently identified as serotype 4b strains; interestingly, however, (lineage I) normally underrepresented among food in which 1/2a II) usually prevalent. The present study aimed to assess situ dominanc...