DC loads (such as computers, data centres, electric vehicle chargers, and LED lamps) and dc distributed energy resources (such as fuel cells, solar photovoltaics, and energy storages) are rapidly growing in electric power systems, so dc systems are being introduced as emerging practical investment solutions compared to traditional ac options. DC microgrids offer several advantages such as the e...

Hurricane, as one of the most frequent natural events, causes damage to infrastructure upstream networks multiple energy carrier microgrids (MECMs). Thus, supply continuity critical loads is threatened due sudden islanding MECMs from networks. Therefore, providing a framework enhance resilience against this threat necessary. In response issue, paper presents proactive optimal operation scheduli...

A Key component to future smart grids may be a microgrid system capable of integrating generation, load, and storage assets into an autonomous power system entity. A microgrid is intrinsically distributive in nature. In order to improve performance of a microgrid, a distributed and cooperative control is required. Agent technology is one of techniques for achieving the objectives of distributed...

The objective of this paper is to present novel control strategies for MicroGrid operation, especially in islanded mode. The control strategies involve mainly the coordination of secondary load-frequency control by a MicroGrid Central Controller that heads a hierarchical control system able to assure stable and secure operation when the islanding of the MicroGrid occurs and in load-following si...

In this paper, a grid connected microgrid with multiple inverter-based distributed generators (DGs) is considered. DG in FFC mode regulates the microgrid as a controllable load from the utility point of view as long as its output is within the capacity limit. The transition mode causes a change in frequency of microgrid due to the loss of power transferred between main grid and microgrid. Frequ...

This paper presents a novel intelligent energy management system (IEMS) for a DC microgrid connected to the public utility (PU), photovoltaic (PV) and multi-battery bank (BB). The control objectives of the proposed IEMS system are: (i) to ensure the load sharing (according to the source capacity) among sources, (ii) to reduce the power loss (high efficient) in the system, and (iii) to enhance t...

This paper presents a chance constrained information gap decision model for multi-period microgrid expansion planning (MMEP) considering two categories of uncertainties, namely random and non-random uncertainties. The main task of MMEP is to determine the optimal sizing, type selection, and installation time of distributed energy resources (DER) in microgrid. In the proposed formulation, inform...

An extreme flexibility of a microgrid operation requires general, integrated and hierarchical proper management and control systems. A wide variety of communication technologies from communication medias, communication protocols to sensors and algorithms are available for microgrid applications. The requirements of communication capabilities differ with the varying microgrid architectures, phys...