The phase-field method is reviewed against its historical and theoretical background. Starting from Van der Waals considerations on the structure of interfaces in materials the concept of the phase-field method is developed along historical lines. Basic relations are summarized in a comprehensive way. Special emphasis is given to the multi-phase-field method with extension to elastic interactio...

the growth rate of stem cells in mobius cellready 3l bioreactor has been studied using comsol multi-physics simulation software in order to find out the best operational parameters for secure cell growth. the bioreactor geometry was defined according to the emd millipore issued information while turbulent and unsteady state solid-liquid 2-phase fluid flow equations were used for modelling the b...

Multi-phase (employing phases more than three) power transmission systems have been investigated as a potential alternative to conventional three-phase systems for bulk power transmission at EHV and UHV levels in the past. The technology has been found to be effective to remove some of the limitations of threephase system arising out of the use of extremely high voltages to increase power capab...