The diversity of multimedia devices is an important feature on the Internet, which demands an executable mechanism to intelligently adjust the appearance of a document according to different viewing contexts. In order to satisfy this requirement, a graph-grammar-based approach for multimedia authoring is presented by extending a context-sensitive graph grammar formalism, Reserved Graph Grammar ...

Background: Considering the assumptions of cognitive load theory and using its reduction and optimization strategies in the design and development of instructional content is one of the main requirements for achieving effective learning. This study examined the effectiveness of instructional multimedia based on reducing the extraneous cognitive load in English language learning among Nursing st...

Multimedia technology is increasingly being used as a complementary way of delivering instruction. To find out whether the use of a multimedia-interactive system is able to help the students to better learn complex issues such as Data Structures, this article describes an exploratory study comparing the effect of using three different teaching approaches, such as traditional teacher-led instruc...

Grammar Instruction to Young Adolescents at Lower Proficiency Levels Through Metacognitive Intervention

Abstract This study aimed to shed light on young Iranian EFL students’ oral proficiency improvement through explicit instruction of formulaic sequences (FSs). This pretest-posttest quasi experimental study was conducted in a bilingual school in Shahrekord, Iran. Accordingly, based on ACTFL OPI test, two groups of low intermediate students with age range of 11 to 12 were chosen to be assigned as...

Abstract This study aimed to shed light on young Iranian EFL students’ oral proficiency improvement through explicit instruction of formulaic sequences (FSs). This pretest-posttest quasi experimental study was conducted in a bilingual school in Shahrekord, Iran. Accordingly, based on ACTFL OPI test, two groups of low intermediate students with age range of 11 to 12 were chosen to be assigned as...

Medical education, particularly in neurosurgery, represents the epitome of multimedia learning because instruction often involves both words (e.g., printed or spoken text) and pictures (e.g., illustrations, photographs, animation, video). For example, multimedia instruction occurs when a medical professional narrates what is happening in a video of a surgical procedure, when a textbook shows a ...

This article presents results from a recent study that isolated grammar instruction that is deductive (i.e., involving rule presentation and metalinguistic information) as a variable and contrasted it with an instructional treatment that is inductive (i.e., focusing on form with no explicit grammar instruction). The effectiveness of these two types of instruction was compared on measures of bot...

PLX is a small, fully subword-parallel instruction set architecture designed for very fast multimedia processing, especially in constrained environments requiring low cost and power such as handheld multimedia information appliances. In PLX, we select the most useful multimedia instructions added previously to microprocessors. We also introduce a few novel features: a new definition of predicat...