AIMS To compare the outcome in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) children (after fresh embryo transfer) from multiple and singleton births with one another, and with normally conceived control children. METHODS A cohort of 278 children (150 singletons, 100 twins, 24 triplets and four quadruplets), conceived by IVF after three fresh embryos had been transferred, born between October 1984 and Decemb...

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine trends and patterns in multiple deliveries in North Carolina and to estimate the impact of increased multiple births upon the state’s low birthweight rate. Methods: Data are for white and minority deliveries (or live births) categorized by plurality, maternal age, birthweight, and age at death. A method for partitioning differences in rates is...

Multiple births may influence ovarian cancer risk, since they may reflect higher levels of gonadotropins or multiple ovulations, which have been related to ovarian carcinogenesis (1–3). The issue, moreover, is of specific interest in consideration of the debate on the possible role of fertility drugs, which stimulate ovulation, in ovarian carcinogenesis (4,5). A pooled analysis of eight studies...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study is to clarify the impact of multiple births in fatal child maltreatment (child death due to maltreatment). METHODS The national annual reports on fatal child maltreatment, which contain all cases from July 2003 to March 2011, published by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan, were used as the initial sources of information. Parent-chil...

OBJECTIVE To investigate temporal trends in multiple birth rates and associated stillbirth and neonatal mortality by socioeconomic deprivation and maternal age in England. DESIGN Population cohort study. SETTING England. PARTICIPANTS All live births and stillbirths (1 January 1997 to 31 December 2008). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Multiple maternity rate, stillbirth and neonatal death rate by ...

The recently released National Public Health Action Plan for the Detection, Prevention, and Management of Infertility calls for better access to high-quality infertility services and improved safety of fertility treatments. Both assisted reproductive technology (ART) and non-ART fertility treatments have allowed millions of patients worldwide to overcome infertility-a disease of the reproductiv...

OBJECTIVES To estimate long term health service costs for hospital stays associated with singleton, twin, and higher order multiple births up to 5 years of age. DESIGN Costs from specialty based data from the English Department of Health's NHS Trust Financial Returns were applied to admissions recorded in the Oxford record linkage study during 1970-1993. SETTING Oxfordshire and West Berkshi...

BACKGROUND Despite the rapid increase in the rate of multiple births due to the growth of reproductive medicine, there have been no epidemiologic studies of the secular trends in the impact of multiple births on the rates of low-birth-weight and preterm deliveries in Japan. METHODS Japanese vital statistics for multiple live births were obtained from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare...

Abstract Disciplinary histories are, by default, complicit in the production of subjective memories as truth. This Special Issue builds on existing scholarship rethinking IR's disciplinary history expanding its geographical focus beyond West, and explores how IR came to define itself a self-contained body knowledge that is distinct from other fields study different parts world. These alternativ...