Morphological and physiological studies indicate multiple routes for transport across capillary endothelium. However, the identification of the morphological counterparts of specific transport processes (or the assignment of specific transport roles to morphologically identifiable pathways) has been only partly achieved: the contribution of endothelial cell membranes to transport of water and s...

Shoot branching patterns result from the spatio-temporal regulation of axillary bud outgrowth. Numerous endogenous, developmental and environmental factors are integrated at the bud and plant levels to determine numbers of growing shoots. Multiple pathways that converge to common integrators are most probably involved. We propose several pathways involving not only the classical hormones auxin,...

titanium dioxide is one kind of important materials, which has been extensively investigated because of its unique electronic and optical properties. a large number of efforts have been made to synthesize tio2 materials with different methods. in this review paper, we summarize the synthesis pathways, morphology, as well as crystallization of the nanostructured tio2. in addition, we also mentio...