The in vitro activity of AZD2563, a novel oxazolidinone, was assessed against 595 Gram-positive cocci, comprising recent surveillance isolates and a collection of resistant (including multiresistant), epidemiologically diverse isolates. The MICs of AZD2563 for staphylococci, pneumococci and enterococci had narrow ranges, 0.25-2 mg/L, with modal MICs of 1 mg/L for staphylococci and pneumococci, ...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa carries multiresistance plasmids less often than does Klebsiella pneumoniae, develops mutational resistance to cephalosporins less readily than Enterobacter species, and has less inherent resistance than Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. What nevertheless makes P. aeruginosa uniquely problematic is a combination of the following: the species' inherent resistance to many drug ...

Two porcine Escherichia coli isolates harbored the cfr gene on conjugative plasmids of 38,405 bp (pGXEC6) and 41,646 bp (pGXEC3). In these two plasmids, the cfr gene was located within a 4,612-bp region containing a tnpA-IS26-cfr-IS26-Δhyp element. Plasmid pGXEC3 was almost identical to pGXEC6 except for a 3,235-bp ISEcp1-blaCTX-M-14b insertion. The colocation of the multiresistance cfr gene wi...

Epidemic strain Salmonella typhimurium DT104 is characterized by various multiresistance patterns. At least some of the resistance genes are organized as integrons. Resistance genes of DT104 isolates can be efficiently transduced by P22-like phage ES18 and by phage PDT17 which is released by all DT104 isolates so far analyzed. Cotransduction tests demonstrate that the resistance genes, although...

A 9.1 x 10(6)-dalton transposable deoxyribonucleic acid sequence resides within Pseudomonas aeruginosa plasmid R1033 and mediates resistance to gentamicin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and mercuric chloride. Transposability was demonstrated in Escherichia coli when this sequence, designated Tn1696, excised from R1033 and integrated into plasmid pMB8. Excision and insertion o...

Salmonella spp. are the etiologic agents of salmonellosis, a worldwide spread zoonoses causing foodborne outbreaks and clinical diseases. By serological identification, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:accounted for 8.8% of human and 1.6% of nonhuman Salmonella strains isolated in São Paulo State, during 1991-2000. A total of 28.6% of them amplified a fragment correspon...

Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections pose a significant threat to human health. Antibiotic resistance is most commonly propagated by conjugative plasmids like pLW1043, the first vancomycin-resistant S. aureus vector identified in humans. We present the molecular basis for resistance transmission by the nicking enzyme in S. aureus (NES), which is essential for conjugative transfe...

The increasing prevalence of multi-drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria is a significant problem for food safety. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104, which is a global health concern and infects a broad range of mammalian hosts, has been shown to carry a chromosomal integron (SGI-1) which encodes multiple antibiotic resistance: ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamide...

Emergence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria associated with community acquired infections has made the choice of empirical therapy more difficult and more expensive. The problems due to possible spread of MRSA to the community, emergence of penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae, ampicillin resistance in H. influenzae, and multiresistance among common enteric pathogens are highlighted. Ba...