Let g(n) denote the minimum number of edges of a maximal nontraceable graph of order n. Dudek, Katona and Wojda (2003) showed that g(n) ≥ d3n−2 2 e−2 for n ≥ 20 and g(n) ≤ d3n−2 2 e for n ≥ 54 as well as for n ∈ I = {22, 23, 30, 31, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51}. We show that g(n) = d3n−2 2 e for n ≥ 54 as well as for n ∈ I ∪ {12, 13} and we determine g(n) for n ≤ 9.

background: historically open surgical drainage has been the treatment of choice for pyogenic liver abscess. the records of 54 patients with pyogenic liver abscess were reviewed to determine whether earlier diagnosis with current imaging tests and definitive treatment with antibiotics and aspiration drainage was an effective alternative to surgery. methods: the clinical features, laboratory tes...

The year 2014 saw more than a thousand new mitochondrial genome sequences deposited in GenBank—an almost 15% increase from the previous year. Hundreds of peer-reviewed articles accompanied these genomes, making mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) the most sequenced and reported type of eukaryotic chromosome. These mtDNA data have advanced a wide range of scientific fields, from forensics to anthropolog...

As a growth regulator, PDGF-BB plays a crucial role in regulating neuronal survival and cell differentiation during embryonic development and in the adulthood. The multiple roles and mechanisms of PDGF-BB are still not known, especially involved in plasticity after spinal cord injury. However, before we can carry out further investigations a transgenic animal model with PDGF-BB down-regulation ...

Results: Cutaneous changes were seen in 54 out of 100 (54%) patients in the study group. 27% of men (n=22) and 61.54% of women (n=78)had skin, hair or nail changes. The common cutaneous changes seen in hypothyroid patients (n=64) were – palmoplantar keratoderma (54.7%), madarosis (25%), myxoedematous changes (25%) and fragile skin (21.9%) and in hyperthyroid patients (n=36) were – warm skin (88...

Plesiosaurs may be divided into two general morphotypes, based on body shape. ‘Pliosauromorphs’ have a large head and a short neck—traditionally thought to be pliosaurs, while ‘plesiosauromorphs’ have a small head and long neck, and have been seen as plesiosauroids. This is in fact an oversimplification, and today, detailed analysis and investigations of plesiosaur anatomy suggest that these mo...