Improvements in Function with Tiotropium (UPLIFT1) trial [4]. The authors are correct in highlighting the notable differences between the Lung Health Study and UPLIFT1 study populations with respect to age and disease severity. It is of interest, however, that, in the Lung Health Study, a post hoc subanalysis of the annual rates of decline by smoking category (continuing smokers, intermittent s...

A method for preparation of a new stable Cu(I) catalyst supported on weakly acidic polyacrylate resin without additional stabilizing ligands is described. A simple and efficient methodology for Ullmann Cu(I) catalyzed C-N cross coupling reactions using this original catalyst is reported. Coupling reactions of 4-chloropyridinium chloride with anilines containing electron donating (EDG) or electr...

Cross-linked polymer hydrogels, polyacrylamide co-polymer (XPAM) or polyacrylate (XPAA) offer potential solutions for soil degradation, declines in resilience, and poor productivity marginal soils. However, little is known about their long-term effect on nutrient availability. This 9-yr, irrigated, outdoor, cropped pot study evaluated a single, one-time addition of XPAM XPAA at 0.25 0.5% dry wt...

The yield stress-DLVO force relationship is obeyed by α-Al2O3 and alumina-coated TiO2 dispersions with adsorbed polyacrylate only if the yield stress and its corresponding zeta potential data were collected in the positively charged region. In this region, the underlying surface positive charge density of the particles exceeds the negative charge density of the polyacrylate. At this state the a...

The interaction behaviours between components of polyacrylate (PAc)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and lithium perchlorate (LiClO(4)) were investigated in detail by Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)-Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Solution cast films of the PAc/PEO and PAc/PEO/LiClO(4) were examined. No obvious shifting of the characteristic ether and ester group stretching modes...

The aim of this work was to study intermolecular interactions in systems containing charged polyion (polyacrylate, PA(-)), charged surfactant (C(16)TA(+)) and nonionic surfactant (C(12)E(5) or C(12)E(8)). To achieve this we have created four different phase diagrams using two different so-called complex salts, C(16)TAPA(25) and C(16)TAPA(6000), both consisting of positively charged surfactant (...

Sciortino, Christopher M., and Michael F. Romero. Cation and voltage dependence of rat kidney electrogenic Na-HCO3 2 cotransporter, rkNBC, expressed in oocytes. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Renal Physiol. 46): F611–F623, 1999.— Recently, we reported the cloning and expression of the rat renal electrogenic Na-HCO3 2 cotransporter (rkNBC) in Xenopus oocytes [M. F. Romero, P. Fong, U. V. Berger, M. A. Hed...

Oil-water emulsion formation is common in oil fields. The a problem which causes an increase production costs and decrease quality. Therefore, demulsifier formulation needed to overcome these problems. use of household waste, particularly disposable diapers, promising alternative. One the substances contained diapers sodium polyacrylate super absorbent polymer, known as polyacrylate. substance ...