Countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) rely on IPCC emission factors (EF) for GHG reporting. However, these were derived industrialized livestock farms and do not represent conditions of smallholder (small, low-producing breeds, poor feed quality, scarcity). Here, we present the first measurements CH4 N2O emissions from cattle-manure heaps representing feeding practices typical highlands East Af...

The grasses in Thailand were analyzed for the potentiality as the alternative energy crops for cellulosic ethanol production by biological process. The average percentage composition of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the samples of 18 types of grasses from various provinces was determined as 31.85-38.51, 31.13-42.61, and 3.10-5.64, respectively. The samples were initially pretreated wi...

Biomass can be a viable supplement and alternative to non-renewable sources of fuel chemicals. Lignin is an important part biomass which used in various chemical industries. This study explores the pretreatment lignin from Napier grass using thermal physical means, as well extraction via cellulolytic enzymatic hydrolysis determine optimum condition for feedstock pretreatment. parts under drying...