BACKGROUND Major depression is a common and disabling complication of the postpartum period in women. It is thought to occur three times more commonly in the developing than in developed countries. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with major depression among women attending a peri-urban primary health care unit in Kampala, Ugan...

Several studies have shown that repeated stressful experiences during childhood increases the likelihood of developing depression- and anxiety-related disorders in adulthood; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We subjected drd3-EGFP and drd3-null mice to daily, two hour restraint stress episodes over a five day period during preadolescence (postnatal day 35 to 39), foll...

In this set of experiments, we examined a number of variables that are crucial to determining the effects of fibroblast growth factor-9 (FGF9) on affective behavior. Animals were injected on post-natal day two (PND2) to determine whether a single early-life subcutaneous (s.c.) injection had long-lasting effects on adult behavior as was observed with FGF2. We observed no significant changes in a...

Animal models have been used in understanding the neuro-biological basis of depression and predicting successful treatment strategies. The current study focused on two genetic models of depression, the Flinder's Sensitive Line (FSL) and Wister-Kyoto (WKY). Our laboratory showed depressive symptomatology in pre-pubertal WKY and FSL rats, and the current study focused on the strains' anxiety-like...

This study evaluates the association between postpartum depression and interruption of exclusive breastfeeding in the first two months of life. Cohort study of 429 infants < or = 20 days of age to four primary health care units in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Interruption of exclusive breastfeeding (outcome) was defined as the introduction of water, other types of liquids, milk, or formulas or any f...

to determine the coverage rate, timeliness and quality of ante-natal care in rural areas under the coverage of health houses in west azerbaijan province, 30 health houses (hh) were randomly selected out of 731 hh in the province. in each hh, using the method of lot quality assurance sampling (lqas) 28 women having recently born babies was selected. data were collected using check-list for facil...

The developmental impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and other antidepressant treatments during gestation postpartum on anxiety depression behaviors in offspring is unclear. This review focuses how perinatal exposure to SSRI may have long term consequences for these affective early childhood beyond. Outcomes vary consideration given methodological factors related affects de...

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak poses serious threats to the physical and mental health of individuals worldwide. lockdown strategy social distancing regulations adopted in South Africa have disrupted day-to-day life activities all people including students.Aim: To explore impact COVID-19 on optometry students at a higher education institution.Setting: study populat...

Mechanisms of the amazing ability of salmon to migrate a long distance from open water to natal streams for spawning are still unknown. Lacustrine sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Lake Toya offers an excellent model system for studying the orientation mechanism in open water, because mature fish return to the natal area with a high degree of accuracy. First we examined the percentage of f...