Background:The natural radioactivity levels in soil samples of Karadağ Mountain in central Anatolia region have been determined. Materials and Methods: Analyses on the collected samples were performed to determine gross alpha and beta radioactivity concentrations by using a gas-flow proportional counter and the concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K by using a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. Res...

The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide public health officials, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective of the health physics and toxicology of ionizing radiation. It contains descriptions and evaluations of radiological and toxicological studies and epidemiologic investigations and provides conclusions, where possible, on the relevance ...

Effective radiation shielding is imperative to safe operation of modern Medical Cyclotrons producing large activities of short-lived radioisotopes on a commercial basis. Like the containment shielding of Medical Linear Accelerators (1), the optimal shielding design of Medical Cyclotrons demands a careful balance between the radiological, economical and often the sociopolitical factors. One is r...

Introduction Iron ore is one of the most important natural raw materials that is widely used for manufacturing iron and steel. This type of ore contains various amounts of radionuclides; thus, exposing workers handling their extraction, transportation, and processing to radiation. Materials and Methods In this study, 12 ore samples (each mass weighing about 2 kg) were collected from the iron or...

Medical imaging procedures with x-ray, computed tomography (CT) and nuclear isotopes use ionizing radiation.1–4 On the other hand, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) do not. When biological tissues are exposed to radiation, the effects are related to the type of radiation and the amount absorbed. Units of absorbed dose are grays (Gy) (joules/kilogram). One rad (radiation absorbed d...

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) had in 1990 recommended that civilian aircrew be classified as being occupationally exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation, in view of their increased exposure to cosmic rays at altitude. In 2000, the European Union had gone ahead with legislation which requires all European airlines to monitor cosmic radiation levels during flight ...

Exposure of the hands to ionizing radiation in the resuscitation room of an A&E department was measured in eight health care personnel over 3 consecutive months. The radiation levels did not exceed those limits currently recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection 1990. The level recorded in one individual did exceed the level set at the Lothian Health Boards investig...

PURPOSE To describe the history, composition, and activities of the Radiation Injury Treatment Network (RITN). The Radiation Injury Treatment Network® is a cooperative effort of the National Marrow Donor Program and the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. The goals of RITN are to educate hematologists, oncologists, and stem cell transplant practitioners about their potential ...

After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident in 2011, concerns about radiation exposure and decline in subjective well-being have been reported. To tackle these problems, various countermeasures in relation to radiation have been implemented. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the effects of radiological countermeasures on subjective well-being (e.g., satisfaction with li...

Background. Bedside radiological procedures pose a risk of radiation exposure to ICU staff. The perception of risk may increase the degree of caution among the health care staff and raise new barriers preventing patients from obtaining prompt care. Objective. The aim of this study was to estimate the annual cumulative radiation dose to individual ICU staff. Methods. In this prospective study, f...