The Crabs Claw (CRC) YABBY gene is required for regulating carpel development in angiosperms and has played an important role in nectary evolution during core eudicot speciation. The function or expression of CRC-like genes has been explored in two basal eudicots, Eschscholzia californica and Aquilegia formosa. To further investigate the function of CRC orthologous genes related to evolution of...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS To date, the structure of the nectary spur of Aeridinae has not been studied in detail, and data relating to the nectaries of ornithophilous orchids remain scarce. The present paper compares the structural organization of the floral nectary in a range of Aeridinae species, including both entomophilous and ornithophilous taxa. METHODS Nectary spurs of Ascocentrum ampullaceu...

Representatives of the family Sapindaceae exhibit high morphological diversity of the nectary structure. The present paper shows for the fi rst time the results of micromorphological, anatomical, and ultrastructural analyses of fl oral nectaries in Aesculus hippocastanum. We have also described the forage and signal attractants of these fl owers, which are important for the ecology of pollinati...

Title of Dissertation: ROLE OF PEACH [PRUNUS PERSICA (L.) BATCSH] EXTRAFLORAL NECTARIES IN MEDIATING NATURAL ENEMY-HERBIVORE INTERACTIONS Clarissa Ruth Mathews, Doctor of Philosophy, 2004 Dissertation Directed By: Professor Dale G. Bottrell Department of Entomology Extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are reported to benefit some plants when ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) use their secretions and fend ...

We present an efficient and flexible method for computing likelihoods for phenotypic traits on a phylogeny. The method does not resort to Monte Carlo computation but instead blends Felsenstein's discrete character pruning algorithm with methods for numerical quadrature. It is not limited to Gaussian models and adapts readily to model uncertainty in the observed trait values. We demonstrate the ...