The use of green energy has increased day by day. Environmentally friendly hybrid electric vehicles with low CO2 emissions have gained public attention. However, most battery are still having range problems, and emission values not at the desired levels. Thus, fuel cell some attention as good alternatives. primary source for these is cells, which used in conjunction batteries supercapacitors to...

Electric vehicles offer a promising solution to solving environmental problems related air pollution. The typical powertrain design of an electric vehicle includes relatively high-speed-low-torque motor integrated with some mechanical system transmit the output energy wheels, such as gearbox, transmission and differential. Different drivetrain configurations single, double quad motors can be us...

Energy management strategy is developed by considering the random and air conditioning load fluctuation, which greatly affected torque control of electric motor in vehicle. Firstly, vehicle power consumption model established, based on influencing factors energy consumption: load. Therefore, driving conditions with characteristics representing actual are constructed. According to clustered char...

In the present study, the effects of different biodiesel blends on the unregulated emissions of a Euro 4 compliant passenger car were examined. Two fresh and two oxidized biodiesel fuels of different source materials were blended with an ultra low sulphur automotive diesel fuel at proportions of 10, 20, and 30% v/v. Emission measurements were conducted on a chassis dynamometer with a constant v...

The corporate average fuel consumption (CAFC) and new energy vehicle (NEV) credit policy (2021–2023) was officially released in June 2020. As a mandatory regulation for automobile manufacturers to produce vehicles, its impact on the output of vehicles needs be systematically evaluated. In this study, we build an enterprise compliance model simulate dual-credit requirements production from 2021 ...

The article analyzes suburban bus transportation with specific routes in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). For experimental study, route No. 101, «Yakutsk – Tabaga» a total length 31 km was chosen. schedule buses Municipal Unitary Enterprise «Yakut Passenger Transport Company (YAPAK)» on is shown. basic technical data PAZ-320412 studied. In accordance international regulations for buses, determi...

The problem of global warming and the related climate change requires solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in particular CO2. As a result, newly manufactured cars consume less fuel emit lower amounts In terms exhaust emissions consumption, old are significantly inferior more recent models. Poland, for instance, average age passenger is approximately 13 years. Therefore, apart from deve...

To determine the amount of air pollutants, produced by Iranian automakers, and compare it with old and retrofitted vehicles have become one of the important tools of urban management. The present research uses International Vehicle Emission (IVE) modeling software in order to verify SAIPA Co. fleet emissions, based on Euro 4 emission standard (SAIPA Co. recognized as a superior Iranian brand in...

Accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation can prolong lithium-ion battery life and improve its performance in practice. This paper proposes a new method for SOC estimation. The second-order resistor-capacitor (2RC) equivalent circuit model (ECM) is applied to describe the dynamic behavior of lithium-ion battery on deriving state space equations. A novel method for SOC estimation is then present...