Maslow's need hierarchy and model of the self-actualizing personality are reviewed and criticized. The definition of self-actualization is found to be confusing, and the gratification of all needs is concluded to be insufficient to explain self-actualization. Therefore the theory is reconstructed on the basis of a second-order, cognitive-systemic framework. A hierarchy of basic needs is derived...

"Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs" is a diagram etched in the minds of most business and social science majors and many practitioners. It is much like a mantra and has been widely accepted, though initially it was not empirically tested. In a Theory of Hunzan Motivation (Maslow, 1943) A. H. Maslow postulated that only needs not yet satisfied influence human behavior. The theory also predicted that w...

Covid-19 pandemisi ilanı ile birlikte insanların yaşamında köklü bir değişiklik yaşanmıştır. Bu çalışma meydana gelen değişimlerin motivasyon üzerindeki etkilerini tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma sosyal mesafe önlemlerinin varlık olan insana etkileri, insanın temel ihtiyaçlarını yeniden önceleme çabası ve motivasyonlarının değişimini ortaya çıkarması açısından önemlidir. Araştırma, Batı A...

needs of practical applications with the importance of the purity and accuracy of the terminology is a very difficult task..’ We would actually state that it is impossible. We would assert that hierarchies are created for a purpose. The purpose could be to support automated maintenance of the terminology, to create definitional relationships, or to allow appropriate inferences. If the different...

People are motivated according to their needs. These needs vary according to the time and based on various situations. Identifying and assessing human needs are the first and vital step in determining the amount of its impact on work and activity. According to these facts, the aim of this research is to identify the needs of the Iranian seafarers on board merchant ships. It also tries to spec...

International law is divided into functionally detached treaty regimes which lack clear hierarchies between them. Specific rules on how to prioritise among conflicting norms, e.g. international patent rights under the World Trade Organisation TRIPS regime and fundamental right health United Nations human law, are missing. Political sentiments economic policies often tend business interests, inc...

This study is a needs assessment of ethnic Chinese older adults in Japan. The Delphi method was applied to identify the needs addressed by the focus groups. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs model guided the examination of the community’s political, economic and social environment in satisfying the needs of older community members. The needs were matched with a city’s Health, Welfare, and Long-term C...