Glucose is the predominant source of energy for the fetal and neonatal brain. During the process of adaptation from a continuous supply of glucose in-utero to an intermittent supply after birth, the neonate is prone to periods of low blood glucose. Transient mild decreases in blood glucose levels are a common feature of perinatal adaptation. This period is characterized by an up-regulation of h...

hypothermia is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality in developing countries. the aim of this prospective study was to determine the relationship between hypothermia at birth and the risk of mortality or morbidity among neonates born in imam hospital in tehran, iran. during a one-year period, body temperature was taken from all newborns using a low-reading rectal thermometer, immediately...

neonatal hypoglycemia is common and its prompt ‎management is important to reduce neurological sequelae. to determine the effect of two different glucose concentrations of intravenous (iv) fluid ‎therapy in the incidence of hypoglycemia in sick premature infants, 200 preterm infants ‎weighing 1500-2500 g were selected and randomly assigned into two groups. ‎group 1 received 10% dextrose in wate...

Given the paucity of evidence, the purpose of the present statement is to provide a consensus guideline that has practical applications for Canadian newborns and their caregivers. An algorithm has also been developed to give direction in managing infants at risk for neonatal hypoglycemia, see Figure 1. It should be noted that this guidelines is a pragmatic approach, one that will require refine...

The use of Dextrostix Reflectance Meter (DRM)* to measure blood glucose has been reported recently. The method has proved to be simnple, rapid, and accurate, and to correlate well with various reference methods (Mazzaferri et al., 1970; Jarret, Keen, and Hardwick, 1970; Schersten, 1971; Deckert and Futtrup, 1971). The handiness of the DRM seemed to make it an excellent tool in the diagnosis of ...

Unlike other congenital fatty acid oxidation defects, short-chain L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA (SCHAD, HADH) deficiency is characterised by hypoglycemia with hyperinsulinism in the neonatal or infancy periods. The long-term and detailed clinical progression of the disease is largely unknown with almost 40 patients reported and only a few patients described clinically. We present clinical and laboratory ...

During states of low carbohydrate intake, mammalian ketone body metabolism transfers energy substrates originally derived from fatty acyl chains within the liver to extrahepatic organs. We previously demonstrated that the mitochondrial enzyme coenzyme A (CoA) transferase [succinyl-CoA:3-oxoacid CoA transferase (SCOT), encoded by nuclear Oxct1] is required for oxidation of ketone bodies and that...

This report provides a practical guide and algorithm for the screening and subsequent management of neonatal hypoglycemia. Current evidence does not support a specific concentration of glucose that can discriminate normal from abnormal or can potentially result in acute or chronic irreversible neurologic damage. Early identification of the at-risk infant and institution of prophylactic measures...