Teeth form mainly from neuroectoderm and comprise a crown of insensitive enamel surrounding sensitive dentine and a root that has no enamel covering. Teeth contain a vital pulp (nerve) and are supported by the periodontal ligament, through which roots are attached into sockets in the alveolar bone of the jaws (maxilla and mandible). The fibres of the periodontal ligament attach through cementum...

Riga-fede disease is a rare pediatric condition in which chronic lingual ulceration results from repetitive trauma. Ventral surface of tongue is often the most common site affected. The natal and neonatal teeth have often beaning reported to cause ulceration on the ventral surface of the tongue in neonates and infants. In the present case report 20 days Old female infant presented by parents to...

hyperdontia or supernumerary teeth in both arches without any syndromic manifestation are extremely rare. supernumerary teeth are commonly associated with gardner’s syndrome, cleft lip and palate, cleidocranial dysplasia and trichorhinophalangeal syndrome. five cases of non-syndromic multiple premolars of maxillary and mandibular arches in indian patients are presented here. this case series re...

statement of problem: knowledge of internal anatomy of tooth plays an important role in a successful endodontics treatment. for a proper endodontic treatment, it is not only important to know the form of normal anatomy of tooth’s interior but one must also be acquainted with the possible diverse forms. purpose: a thorough understanding of the internal anatomy of human mandibular incisors (centr...

Prader-Labhart-Willi or Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) was first reported in 1956, and additional syndrome details have been elucidated since then. This syndrome is primarily characterized by severe neonatal hypotonia, dysmorphic changes, retarded physical and cognitive development, early hyperphagia, obesity, sleep disorders, psychiatric and behavioral disorders, growth deficit and hypogonadism. ...

A novel Ag(I)-induced three-component annulation reaction of [60]fullerene with sulfonylhydrazones and nitriles has been developed for the efficient synthesis of diverse disubstituted [60]fullerene-fused dihydropyrroles. The reaction exhibits a broad substrate scope and excellent functional-group tolerance, and also allows for the synthesis of fullerene-bound macromolecules.

Enamel mineralization is affected by genetic disorders like Down syndrome and familial dysautonomia (FD). Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis (CIPA) is associated with decreased sensation and autonomic dysfunction, somehow similar to FD. In this study we examined the effect of CIPA on pre and post-natal enamel mineralization of 9 primary extracted teeth and matchpaired normal teeth...

Trauma caused by laryngoscopy and orotracheal intubation affects mainly the maxillary anterior teeth. Examination of the primary dentition of 63 low birthweight, prematurely born children showed that developmental defects of these teeth occurred in 85.0% of 40 intubated children compared to only 21.7% of nonintubated children, a fourfold difference. Trauma caused by laryngoscopy affects mainly ...