Etiological classification of diabetes insipidus is as follows. 1. Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) A. Idiopathic B. Familial C. Structural Causes i. Congenital: Septo-optic dysplasia Tuber cinereum Hamartoma ii. Traumatic: Iatrogenic, head trauma iii. Inflammatory: Tuberculous Meningitis Sarcoidosis Wegener’s granulomatosis Lymphocytic Hypophysitis iv. Neoplastic: a. Pediatric: Hypothalamic gl...

Multiple cranial nerve palsies often reveal a meningeal process that may be infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic in origin. Even when there is a known history of malignancy, the rarity with which a given primary cancer causes meningeal carcinomatosis can influence diagnostic decision making and lead to delays in diagnosis. We present a unique case of a patient with deafness and blindness sec...

ABSTRACT Fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS) usually present as subacute meningitis or intracranial space occupying lesion with mass effect on surrounding structures and consequent focal neurological deficits. Intracranial fungal granulomas are often misdiagnosed clinically and radiologically as neoplastic lesions.  Biopsy of the lesion is the only reliable technique to estab...

PURPOSE Spread to the central nervous system (CNS) and the leptomeninges is a frequent complication of systemic cancers that is associated with serious morbidity and high mortality. We have evaluated a novel therapeutic approach against CNS complications of breast cancer based on the human neuropathogen poliovirus (PV). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Susceptibility to PV infection and ensuing rapid cell...

Patients with breast cancer that has metastasised to the meninges may now be treated with DepoCyt, a slow-release formulation of the cytotoxic drug, cytarabine. This treatment has been reported in studies published in October 2000( [1] ) and January 2001( [2] ). Both report encouraging therapeutic benefit in combating neoplastic meningitis in breast cancer, but cite arachnoiditis as one of the ...

PURPOSE The toxicity and antitumor activity of regional intrathecal delivery of an oncolytic recombinant poliovirus, PVS-RIPO, was evaluated in rodent models of glioblastoma multiforme neoplastic meningitis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To evaluate for toxicity, PVS-RIPO was administered into the spinal cord of transgenic mice that express the human poliovirus receptor, CD155, and into the intrathecal...