Neurodegenerative diseases contain Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), are characterized by neuronal death and neuronal degeneration in specific regions of the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia are the basic immune brain cells and play a role in homeostasis after inflammation challenge. Microglia involves in Neurodegenerative disease...

Neurodegenerative disease are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons from specific origins of the CNS .Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which affect brain regains that control memory and ability to learn. It is estimated that 27 million people are affected word wide and this number is expected to triple by 2050 due to increase of the population life expectancy. A...

Neurodegeneration is a progressive and irreversible loss of neuronal cells in specific regions of the brain. Alzheimer Diseases (AD) Parkinson Disease (PD) are the most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases in older people. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles that have a key role in physiological processes such as intercellular communication, cell migration, angiogenesis, and anti-tumo...

the most popular animal models of alzheimer’s disease (ad) are transgenic mice expressing human genes with known mutations which do not represent the most abundant sporadic form of the disease. an increasing number of genetic, vascular and psychosocial data strongly support that the octodon degus, a moderate-sized and diurnal precocial rodent, provides a naturalistic model for the study of the ...

The most popular animal models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are transgenic mice expressing human genes with known mutations which do not represent the most abundant sporadic form of the disease. An increasing number of genetic, vascular and psychosocial data strongly support that the Octodon degus, a moderate-sized and diurnal precocial rodent, provides a naturalistic model for the study of the ...

Introduction: An impaired sense of smell has a remarkable impact on the quality of life. It is seen in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson disease. In this study, we assessed the olfactory function in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) by Sniff Magnitude Test (SMT).  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 48 patients with MS. A questionnaire, including demog...

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, motor neuron disease and Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by loss of specific cells within certain regions of the brain. One of the most compelling questions is to determine why specific cell populations are vulnerable to neurodegeneration. We addressed this question by studying global gene expression changes using an animal model of ...

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, motor neuron disease and Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by loss of specific cells within certain regions of the brain. One of the most compelling questions is to determine why specific cell populations are vulnerable to neurodegeneration. We addressed this question by studying global gene expression changes using an animal model of ...

Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are both model diseases. Parkinson's disease is the most common of several akinetic-rigid syndromes and Huntington's disease is only one of an ever growing number of trinucleotide repeat disorders. Molecular genetic studies and subsequent molecular biological studies have provided fascinating new insights into the pathogenesis of both disorders and t...