While calcium phosphate-based ceramics are currently the most widely used materials in bone repair, they generally lack tensile strength for initial load bearing. Bulk titanium is the gold standard of metallic implant materials, but does not match the mechanical properties of the surrounding bone, potentially leading to problems of fixation and bone resorption. As an alternative, nickel-titaniu...

Objectives The friction between the brackets and orthodontic wire during sliding mechanics inflicts difficulties such as decreasing the applied force and tooth movement and also the loss of anchorage. Therefore, many studies have focused on the factors that affect the friction. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of 0.05% sodium fluoride mouthwash on the friction between orthodon...

The purpose of this project was to observe the amount of apical and mid-curve transportation produced by a range of nickel titanium (NiTi), titanium alloy and stainless steel (SS) files. Tests were carried out in simulated curved root canals produced in epoxy resin blocks. Seven commercially available file types were tested using sizes 15 to 40. Instrumentation was carried out to 1 mm beyond th...

The nickel-titanium alloy Nitinol has been used in the manufacture of endodontic instruments in recent years. Nitinol alloys have greater strength and a lower modulus of elasticity compared with stainless steel alloys. The super-elastic behaviour of Nitinol wires means that on unloading they return to their original shape following deformation. These properties are of interest in endodontology ...

A 64-yr-old man was admitted because of repeated pneumonia. Both fiberoptic bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy revealed a large tracheoesophageal fistula (15 mm) in the right posterior trachea 1 cm beyond the carina. Coated nickel-titanium shape memory alloy Y shaped stent was planned to seal this fistula under general anesthesia. We took advantage of laryngeal mask airway to insert the fiberoptic ...

The experiments regarding the solid–state diffusion bonded joints prepared between commercialy pure titanium and permendur type soft magnetic alloy are presented. The diffusion bonding of these materials were carried out using copper and nickel interlayers, in the temperature range of 850-950 C for 1,5 hrs., under uniaxial pressure, in argon atmosphere. The microstructure of the transition join...

Plane-strain machining can be used to impart large plastic strains in alloys that are difficult to deform by other severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes. By cutting at low speeds, the heating caused by friction with the tool can be reduced to insignificant levels. The utility of this approach for characterizing microstructure development in SPD is demonstrated using a variety of commercial...

Results: Nickel-titanium wires show exceptional features in terms of elasticity and shape memory effects. However, clinical applications request a deeper knowledge of these properties in order to allow the professional to use them in a rational manner. In addition, the necessary information regarding each alloy often does not correspond to the information given by the manufacturer. Many alloys ...

Titanium alloy and stainless steel (SS) had been widely used as dental implant materials because of their affinity with epithelial tissue and connective tissue, and good physical, chemical, biological, mechanical properties and processability. We compared the effects of titanium alloy and SS on macrophage cytokine expression as well as their biocompatibility. Mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells wer...

Since the introduction of engine-driven nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments, attempts have been made to minimize or eliminate their inherent defects, increase their surface hardness/flexibility and also improve their resistance to cyclic fatigue and cutting efficiency. The various strategies of enhancing instrument surface include ion implantation, thermal nitridation, cryogenic treatment and el...