The reaction between reducing sugars and protein free amines, known as the Maillar reaction results in the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). AGE modification changes the structure of proteins to amyloid cross-beta structure. These protein structures can activate receptors known as RAGE on glial cells (microglia and astrocytes), and induce the expression of inducible nitric oxi...

BACKGROUND Fractional exhaled nitric oxide is elevated in allergen-provoked asthma. The cellular and molecular source of the elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide is, however, uncertain. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether fractional exhaled nitric oxide is associated with increased airway epithelial inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in allergen-provoked asthma. METHODS Fractional exha...

Nitric oxide has been shown to be beneficial for gastric ulcer healing. We determined the relative effects of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases on gastric ulcer healing in rats. Ulcers were induced by serosal application of acetic acid. Ulcer severity, angiogenesis, and nitric oxide synthase expression were assessed 3-10 days later. The effects of inhibitors of nitric oxide synth...

one of the most striking features in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (adpkd) is the difference at onset age of end-stage renal disease (esrd). modifier genes may play a role in this phenotypic variability. the mutated nitric oxide synthase 3 gene (nos3), have a modifier effect on the severity of adpkd by impairment of nos3 activity and decreasing of renal vascular nitric oxide prod...

MRL-I/r/I/r mice spontaneously develop various manifestations of autoimmunity indnding an inflammatory arthropathy and immune complex glomerulonephritis. This study examines the role of nitric oxide, a molecule with proinfhmmatory actions, in the pathogenesis of MRL1/r/I/r autoimmune disease. MRL-I/r/I/r mice excreted more urinary nitrite/nitrate (an in vivo marker of nitric oxide production) t...

Nitric oxide-containing neurons are widely distributed within the CNS, including regions involved in the control of reproduction and sexual behavior. The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase is influenced by testosterone in male rat, and by estrogens in female. Moreover, nitric oxide synthase may co-localize with gonadal hormones' receptors. Gonadal hormones may influence nitric oxide s...

BACKGROUND The main cause of reduced long-term graft survival is chronic allograft injury. Cardiovascular risk factors such as hyperhomocysteinaemia, accumulation of asymmetric dimethylarginine, increased oxidative stress and decreased production of nitric oxide seem to play an important role. Functional polymorphisms of the endothelial isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene cause an alter...