of the 27 nitrofuran derivatives tested had mutagenic effects on E. coli, but none of them had mutagenic effects on S. typhimurium. Twenty-five compounds had DNA-modifying effects on E. coli, and 24 compounds had effects on the DNA of S. typhimurium. Fifteen of the 27 compounds are known to be carcinogenic. Fourteen of these 15 carcinogenic derivatives had mutagenic effects on E. coli and DNA-m...

Semicarbazide (SEM) is a metabolite of the banned veterinary antibiotic nitrofurazone [1]. In addition, SEM is a decomposition product of azodicarbonamide (which belongs to the hydrazine family of chemicals). SEM has in fact been found in food in glass jars sealed with plastic gaskets manufactured using azodicarbonamide as a blowing agent, such as baby foods, fruit juices, jams to prevent leaka...

Accepted November 9, 2012 A reliable, selective and sensitive LC-MS/MS assay has been proposed for the determination of nitrofurantoin in human plasma. The analyte and nitrofurazone were extracted from 100 μL of human plasma via SPE on Strata-X 33 μm extraction cartridges. Chromatography was done on a BDS Hypersil C18 (100 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column under isocratic conditions. Quantitation was d...

The investigation of the rational etiological treatment of Chagas disease, through controlled clinical trials, only began around half a century after the discovery of the disease. This resulted from a meeting held in Rio de Janeiro, in 1962, between a number of Brazilian researchers and representatives from the pharmaceutical industry (Anais 1962). Two facts were then known: (1) nitrofuran comp...

The nitroreductase-catalyzed conversion of a strong electron-withdrawing nitro group to the corresponding electron-donating hydroxylamine is useful in a variety of biotechnological applications. Activation of prodrugs for cancer treatments or antibiotic therapy are the most common applications. Here, we show that a bacterial nitrobenzene nitroreductase (NbzA) from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes ...