While animal color signaling has been studied for decades, we have little knowledge of the role conspicuous body coloration plays in the nocturnal context. In this study we explored animal color signaling in both diurnal and nocturnal contexts to arrive at a more comprehensive understanding of its function. We quantified how the brightly colored giant wood spiders Nephila pilipes are viewed by ...

Nocturnal urinary continence is dependent on 3 factors: 1) nocturnal urine production, 2) nocturnal bladder function and 3) sleep and arousal mechanisms. Any child will suffer from nocturnal enuresis if more urine is produced than can be contained in the bladder or if the detrusor is hyperactive, provided that he or she is not awakened by the imminent bladder contraction. Urine production is re...

R ecently, sleep-disordered breathing and nocturnal hypoxia have been recognized to increase the risk of cerebrovascular disease. Kirkham et al reported that nocturnal hypoxemia was a predictor of future cerebrovascular events in sickle-cell disease. However, it remains unclear whether nocturnal hypoxemic episodes directly lead to nocturnal onset stroke, because other predisposing conditions mi...

Timing of oviposition on a corpse is a key factor in entomologically based minimum postmortem interval (mPMI) calculations. However, there is considerable variation in nocturnal oviposition behavior of blow flies reported in the research literature. This study investigated nocturnal oviposition in central England for the first time, over 25 trials from 2011 to 2013. Liver-baited traps were plac...

Since nocturnal symptoms indicate more severe asthma, we investigated their frequency in a hospital-based population of asthmatic children. Recognition of these symptoms offers the possibility to introduce appropriate treatment. We studied 796 consecutive children with asthma (mean (SD) age 9 (4) yrs) attending a hospital clinic, to determine whether these nocturnal symptoms predicted that dayt...

BACKGROUND A correlation has been observed between obstructive sleep events and sleep quality. The aim of the study was to assess if there is also a correlation between nocturnal hypoxemia and hypercapnia and sleep efficiency and sleep fragmentation in children. METHODS Nocturnal pulse oximetry (S(pO(2))) and transcutaneous carbon dioxide (P(tcCO(2))) recordings with simultaneous actigraphy ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article summarizes the clinical and electrophysiologic manifestations of nocturnal seizures, particularly nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (NFLE), parasomnias, and other disorders presenting with complex behaviors in sleep. The evaluation and treatment of patients with complex nocturnal behaviors can be challenging. While the differential diagnosis of sleep-related movemen...