Universal algebra [5, 9, 4] is the theory of equalities t = u. It is a simple framework within which we can study mathematical structures, for example groups, rings, and fields. It has also been applied to study the mathematical properties of mathematical truth and computability. For example boolean algebras correspond to classical truth, heyting algebras correspond to intuitionistic truth, cyl...

The conventional paradigm in data envelopment analysis (DEA) is to develop an efficiency measurement model that assumes the input and output data are precise and equal to some nominal values. However, this paradigm does not take into consideration the inherent uncertainties in real-life performance measurement problems. As a result of these uncertainties, the input and output data may take non-...

We present a biocompatible, all-glass, 0.2 mm diameter, fiber-optic probe that combines an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometry and a proximal fiber Bragg grating sensor; the probe enables dual pressure and temperature measurement on an active 4 mm length, with 40 Pa and 0.2°C nominal accuracy. The sensing system has been applied to monitor online the radiofrequency thermal ablation of tumors i...