Chronic communication impairment is common after stroke, and conventional speech and language therapy (SLT) strategies have limited effectiveness in post-stroke aphasia. Neurorehabilitation with non-invasive brain stimulation techniques (NIBS)-particularly repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)-may enhance the effects of SLT in sele...

Stroke is a leading cause of disability in the United States. Available treatments for stroke have only a modest effect on motor rehabilitation and about 50-60% of stroke patients remain with some degree of motor impairment after standard treatment. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have been proposed as adjuvant treatments to physical therapy for motor recovery after stroke. Hig...

Neurons in the central nervous system are organized in functional units interconnected to form complex networks. Acute and chronic brain damage disrupts brain connectivity producing neurological signs and/or symptoms. In several neurological diseases, particularly in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), structural imaging studies cannot always demonstrate a clear association between lesion site and clinica...

Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability in the western world [1]. Sensorimotor and cognitive impairments often have a great impact on quality of life in post stroke survivors. It is well known that the human brain continues to adjust throughout life. After ischemic brain injury, neuroplasticity is particularly active in the first months [2]. However, it has been demonstrated that, even ye...

Our conceptualization of brain changes across the lifespan is evolving (Pascual-Leone et al., 2011). There appears to be no period when the brain and its functions are static. Instead, changes are continuous throughout the lifespan, some resulting in benefits, others in functional loss and decline Therefore, the most suitable framework appears to be that of lifelong , continued " developmental ...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation are noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques that can alter excitability of the human cortex. Considering the interhemispheric competition occurring after stroke, improvement in motor deficits can be achieved by increasing the excitability of the affected hemisphere or decreasing the excitability of ...

Received: 23 August 2016 Brain stimulation through feeble direct current has recently been declared as a new technique to induction of neuroplasticity of the cerebral cortex for improvement of neurological disorders like Schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases (PD). Although brain imaging and electroencephalography (EEG) are used in the early assessment of neurological disorders [1-...

According to philosophy of mind and neuroscientific models, the sense of agency can be defined as the sense that I am the one that is generating an action and causing its effects. Such ability to sense ourselves as causal agents is critical for the definition of intentional behavior and is a primary root for human interaction skills. The present mini-review aims at discussing evidences from non...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a well-established technique for non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). However, the technique suffers from a high variability in outcome, some of which is likely explained by the state of the brain at tDCS-delivery but for which explanatory, mechanistic models are lacking. Here, we tested the effects of bi-parietal tDCS on perceptual line bisec...