Japan is one of the most prosperous and richest countries in world. The standard living Japanese roughly corresponds to standards developed European countries, at same time there no significant stratification population by income. Such phenomena as poverty, unemployment, mass strikes are far past. also distinguished punctual operation transport, high level sanitation hygiene, very good service,...

The radionuclide of uranium (U) is major radionuclide contained in the long life of high level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW) generated from reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. The radioactive waste have to be treated to ready for long term disposal. Separation of the U at high efficiencies greatly lowers the volume of the long life alpha radioactive waste to be disposed and decreases the haza...

small scale thermal devices, such as micro heater, have led researchers to consider more accurate models of heat in thermal systems. moreover, biological applications of heat transfer such as simulation of temperature field in laser surgery is another pathway which urges us to re-examine thermal systems with modern ones. non-fourier heat transfer overcomes some shortcomings of fourier heat tran...

The standard cosmological model predicts the existence of a cosmic neutrino background (CνB) with a present density of about nν + nν̄ ≃ 110 cm per flavour, which affects big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies, and the evolution of large scale structures (LSS). We report on a precision calculation of the CνB properties including the modification introduced ...