Testing for regime switching when the probabilities are specified either as constants (‘mixture models’) or governed by a finite-state Markov chain (‘Markov long-standing problems that have also attracted recent interest. This paper considers testing time-varying and depend on observed data (‘observation-dependent switching’). Specifically, we consider likelihood ratio test observation-dependen...

The bounded functional interpretation of arithmetic in all finite types is able to interpret principles like weak König’s lemma without the need of any form of bar recursion. This interpretation requires the use of intensional (rule-governed) majorizability relations. This is a somewhat unusual feature. The main purpose of this paper is to show that if the base domain of the natural numbers is ...

Data from the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care (Phase I) and propensity score techniques were used to determine if working fulltime in a nonstandard schedule job during the child's first year predicted parenting practices over 3 years. Results indicated that women who worked fulltime in a nonstandard schedule job during the first year h...

Salbany, S. and T. Todorov, Nonstandard and standard cornpactifications of ordered topological spaces, Topology and its Applications 47 (1992) 35-52. We construct the Nachbin ordered compactification and the ordered realcornpactification, a notion defined in the paper, of a given ordered topological space as nonstandard ordered hulls. The maximal ideals in the algebras of the differences of mon...

Uniform finite difference methods are constructed via nonstandard finite difference methods for the numerical solution of singularly perturbed quasilinear initial value problem for delay differential equations. A numerical method is constructed for this problem which involves the appropriate Bakhvalov meshes on each time subinterval. The method is shown to be uniformly convergent with respect t...