PURPOSE To determine whether supervision by an attending who is new to surgical teaching, or an experienced attending measurably influences intraoperative complications rates or outcomes in phacoemulsification performed by ophthalmology residents. SETTING Single tertiary hospital. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS Resident-performed phacoemulsification cases supervised by one nov...

OBJECTIVE This paper evaluates two different types of in-vehicle interfaces to support anticipation in driving: one aids attention allocation and the other aids interpretation of traffic in addition to attention allocation. BACKGROUND Anticipation is a competency that has been shown to facilitate safety and eco-driving through the efficient positioning of a vehicle for probable, upcoming chan...

This paper is based on an experiment of protocol analysis. In order to investigate the differences in models designed under various circumstances, the paper attempts to find out how expert and novice designers develop their designs with computer media. It also compares expert designers with their novice counterparts by analyzing and generalizing some cases in their thinking and designing proces...

A key challenge for users and designers of spoken language systems is determining the form of the commands that the system can recognize. Using more than 60 hours of interactions, we quantitatively analyze the acquisition of system vocabulary by novice users. We contrast the longitudinal performance of long-term novice users with both expert system developers and guest users. We find that novic...

The paper investigates the performance of novice evaluators in usability evaluations by presenting the results of a comparative usability evaluation that was conducted by nine novice evaluator teams. The evaluation teams performed considerably well in terms of the validity of their results, which counts for their participation in usability evaluation projects. The thoroughness of the results ob...

Because of the current high proportion of novice high-school teachers, many students' mastery of science and mathematics depends on the effectiveness of early-career teachers. In this study, which used value-added models to analyze high-school teachers' effectiveness in raising test scores on 1.05 million end-of-course exams, we found that the effectiveness of high-school science and mathematic...

Novice young drivers suffer from increased crash risk that translates into over-representation in road injuries. In order to effectively confront this problem, a better understanding of the driving behavior of novice young drivers and of its determinants is needed. This study analyzes the behavior of novice young drivers within a Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) program. Data on driving behavio...

The notion of communicative competence has been deemed fuzzy in communication studies. This fuzziness has led to tensions among engineers across tenures in interpreting what constitutes communicative competence. The study seeks to investigate novice and professional engineers’ understanding of the said notion in terms of two main elements of communicative competence: linguistic and rhetorical c...

This paper explores differences and similarities between novice and expert users of interactive artifacts. In order to achieve this, protocol analysis was used to identify users’ cognitive categories, knowledge categories and knowledge representation. This research is based on the premises that knowledge — domain-specific knowledge in particular — plays a significant role in distinguishing a no...

In this conceptual paper, we address the problem that novice scholars in social sciences sometimes have in constructing conceptual or theoretical frameworks for their dissertations and papers for publication. In the first part of the paper, we discuss why the topic is important in the high pressure environment that novice scholars face, in which finishing a doctoral degree and getting published...