نتایج جستجو برای: nucleic acids
تعداد نتایج: 309873 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Nucleic acids are macromolecules in cells for storing and transferring genetic information. Moreover, nucleic acids, especially RNAs, can fold into well-defined 3D structures and catalyze biochemical reactions. As ubiquitous biological molecules in all living systems, nucleic acids are important drug targets, and they can also be used in diagnostics and therapeutics. Structural information of n...
Living organisms can sense and respond to external and internal stimuli. Response isdemonstrated in many forms including modulation of gene expression profiles, motility,secretion, cell death, etc. Nevertheless, all forms share a basic property: they depend on sensingsmall changes in the concentration of an effector molecule or subtle conformational changes ina protein and invoking the appropri...
Nanoscale objects of increasing complexity can be constructed from DNA or RNA. However, the scope of potential applications could be enhanced by expanding beyond the moderate chemical diversity of natural nucleic acids. Here, we explore the construction of nano-objects made entirely from alternative building blocks: synthetic genetic polymers not found in nature, also called xeno nucleic acids ...
The peculiarities of two approaches in the nanodesign based on the double-stranded nucleic acid molecules are considered. Main attention is devoted to the formation and properties of nanoconstructions based on the double-stranded DNA molecules and the complexes with chitosan, fixed in the spatial structure of particles of their cholesteric liquidcrystalline dispersions, and cross-linked by arti...
5.1 DNA Sequence Determination 168 5.1.1 Principles of DNA Sequencing 168 5.1.2 Automated Fluorescent DNA Sequencing 169 5.1.3 RNA Sequencing by Reverse Transcription 170 5.2 Gene Cloning 170 5.2.1 Classical Cloning 170 5.2.2 The Polymerase Chain Reaction 173 5.3 Enzymes Useful in Gene Manipulation 174 5.3.1 Restriction Endonucleases 174 5.3.2 Other Nucleases 175 5.3.3 Polynucleotide Kinase 176...
A research program has applied the tools of synthetic organic chemistry to systematically modify the structure of DNA and RNA oligonucleotides to learn more about the chemical principles underlying their ability to store and transmit genetic information. Oligonucleotides (as opposed to nucleosides) have long been overlooked by synthetic organic chemists as targets for structural modification. S...
A novel class of metal-free spherical nucleic acid nanostructures was synthesized from readily available starting components. These particles consist of 30 nm liposomal cores, composed of an FDA-approved 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) lipid monomer. The surface of the liposomes was functionalized with DNA strands modified with a tocopherol tail that intercalates into the phosph...
This paper describes and discusses nucleic acid conformations, the energy contributions that stabilize them, and the ways the stable conformations are formed. Preferred conformations of nucleotides and of double, triple and super helices in nucleic acids are described briefly. Next the enthalpy and entropy of nucleic acid order/disorder transitions are reviewed. It is concluded that (a) the dou...
living organisms can sense and respond to external and internal stimuli. response isdemonstrated in many forms including modulation of gene expression profiles, motility,secretion, cell death, etc. nevertheless, all forms share a basic property: they depend on sensingsmall changes in the concentration of an effector molecule or subtle conformational changes ina protein and invoking the appropri...
Knowledge about RNA three-dimensional structure is essential to RNA function comprehension and manipulation. Due to difficulties associated with physical RNA structure elucidation techniques, such as x-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, it is not surprising that predictive methods are increasingly gaining popularity. Consequent to many genome sequencing proje...
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