avian reoviruses (arvs) are considered as an important cause of several diseases in poultry, particularlyarthritis and tenosynovitis. tenosynovitis and arthritis, which are among the causes of chronic lameness inbreeder flocks, can result in reduced egg production and culling of breeder hens. in this study, the molecularcharacteristics of arvs in some broiler breeder flocks were investigated in...

Cell autophagy and apoptosis processes are of interest in drug development contribute to the chemotherapy outcomes patients receiving cancer treatment. The functional roles cyclic nucleotides cells include maintenance metabolic homeostasis. cGMP steroid compounds participate apoptotic autophagic events, modulate function multi-drug resistance proteins. Endogenous nucleotide ratios change with a...

Abstract Background Cancer is a global health challenge, it impacts the quality of life and its treatment associated with several side effects. Resistance cancer cells to existing drugs has led search for novel anticancer agents. Pyrimidine, privileged scaffold, part living organisms plays vital role in various biological procedures as well pathogenesis. Due resemblance structure nucleotide bas...

Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in vitro synthesize 5-phosphoribosyl l-pyrophosphate (PI’-ribose-P) from glucose and other hesoses (1)) and to lesser extents from several purine and pyrimidine ribonucleosides (2). The rate of synthesis of PP.ribose-P from glucose is low relative to the rate of glycolysis, and when the concentration of this compound reaches 2 to 3 pmoles per g of cells, wet weig...

In 1949 Park and Johnson (1) reported the accumulation of labile phosphate esters in penicillin-inhibited Staphylococcus uureus. Later, the compounds which accumulate were identified as three uridine nucleotides (2). Compound 1 (UDP-GNAclactic)1 contains uridine 5’-pyrophosphate linked to an N-acetylamino sugar substituted in an ether linkage with lactic acid (GNAc-lactic). Compound 2 (UDP-GNAc...