Since 1999 several groups have analyzed nutritional supplements with mass spectrometric methods (GC/MS, LC/MS/MS) for contaminations and adulterations with doping substances. These investigations showed that nutritional supplements contained prohibited stimulants as ephedrines, caffeine, methylenedioxymetamphetamie and sibutramine, which were not declared on the labels. An international study p...

Introduction: Creatine is a supplement widely used by force athletes or whose goal is to gain muscle mass storing water in the intracellular space. Creatine has the ability to remove plasma water from the bloodstream into skeletal muscle in a process called muscle myofibrillar hydration or hydration. Although this benefits the skeletal muscles, less water is available to other tissues since mos...

BACKGROUND McArdle disease (Glycogen Storage Disease type V) is caused by an absence of muscle phosphorylase leading to exercise intolerance, myoglobinuria rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. OBJECTIVES To review systematically the evidence from randomized controlled trials of pharmacological or nutritional treatments for improving exercise performance and quality of life in McArdle disea...

The authors aimed to examine the acute hormonal and performance responses to resistance exercise with and without prior consumption of an amino acid/creatine/energy supplement. Eight men performed a resistance-exercise protocol at baseline (BL), 20 min after consuming a supplement (S) consisting of essential amino acids, creatine, taurine, caffeine, and glucuronolactone or a maltodextrin placeb...

introduction: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of short-term creatine supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes after six bouts of 50-meter sprint swimming. methods: this quasi-experimental study recruited eight trained female swimmers with the mean age of 25±4.4 years and body mass index (bmi) of 21.8±4.2 kg/m2 to perform six bouts of 50-meter sprint swimming with a 12...

Background Spermidine has been shown both in vitro and in mice models to have an anagen-prolonging effect on hair follicles (HFs). Objectives To evaluate the effects of a spermidine-based nutritional supplement on the anagen phase of HFs in healthy human subjects in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Methods One hundred healthy males and females were randomized to receive...

the sterlet (acipenser ruthenus) is one of the species of the exotic sturgeon (acipenseridae) family in iran. this important species produces caviar every year at the lowest cost and in the shortest time. the objective of this research was to assess the effect of digestarom, as a nutritional supplement, on the growth indices and safety factors of synthetically-cultured baby sterlets (acipenser ...

Over the last decade, hundreds of articles have been written about creatine in scientific journals, magazines, newspapers, and on the Internet. The reason for this interest is that creatine has proven to be one of the most effective nutritional supplements available for strength/power athletes and some patient populations. Unfortunately, much of the information that has been written about creat...

For the athlete training hard, nutritional supplements are often seen as promoting adaptations to training, allowing more consistent and intensive training by promoting recovery between training sessions, reducing interruptions to training because of illness or injury, and enhancing competitive performance. Surveys show that the prevalence of supplement use is widespread among sportsmen and wom...