Bone is emerging as a versatile endocrine organ and its interactions with apparently unrelated organs are being more widely recognized. Osteocalcin (OCN), polypeptide hormone secreted by osteoblasts, has been found to exert multiple functions through metabolically active form, uncarboxylated OCN (uOCN). Mounting evidence shown that following binding G-protein coupled receptor 6a (Gprc6a) in the...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of miR-595 on osteogenic differentiation bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods: Human BMSCs were osteogenically differentiated, and protein expression alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) evaluated by western blot. Expression was measured quantitative reverse (qRT-PCR). The viability determined...

Introduction There is accumulating evidence that bone, adipose tissue, the endocrine system, digestive system, and neurological systems cross communicate to regulate the processes of energy metabolism. The surprise is that there are no novel hormones, neurotransmitters, or cytokines that accomplish the communication: the communication and control is effected through already well established hor...

Teriparatide is the first anabolic agent for osteoporosis, and this analysis aimed to understand responses to teriparatide in Chinese patients with established osteoporosis in subgroups. In this Phase III study of teriparatide in China, 362 patients were randomized at a 2:1 ratio to receive subcutaneous teriparatide (20 μg/day) or intranasal salmon calcitonin (200 IU/day) for 24 weeks. Teripara...

On-chip interconnection networks (OCNs) such as point-to-point networks and buses form the communication backbone in systems-on-a-chip, multicore processors, and tiled processors. OCNs can consume significant portions of a chip’s energy budget, so analyzing their energy consumption early in the design cycle becomes important for architectural design decisions. Although numerous studies have exa...

The physiological roles of menin, the product of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene, are not known. Homozygous menin knockout mice exhibit cranial and facial hypoplasia. We, therefore, investigated the role of menin in the regulation of osteoblastic differentiation. Menin antisense oligonucleotides (AS-oligo) reduced endogenous menin expression in the C3H10T1/2 (10T1/2) mouse mesenchy...

Recent findings demonstrate that leptin plays a significant role in chondrocyte and osteoblast differentiation. However, the mechanisms by which leptin acts on cartilage endplate (CEP) cells to give rise to calcification are still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of leptin that induced mineralization of CEP cells in vitro and in vivo. We constructed a rat model of lumb...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) and danshensu (DSU) on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the mechanisms of the effects. The osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in culture was assessed by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin (OCN) production, nitric oxide (NO) production an...

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of ionic dissolution products on nano-sized 58S bioactive glass (nano-58S) on proliferation and specific osteogenic genes expression in MG-63 cells. METHODS Ionic dissolution products were prepared by incubating nano-58S or sol-gel bioactive glass 58S (58S) particulates in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) at 1% w/v for 24 hr and filtrated through 0.22...