Figure 1. Small RNA molecules, miRNA and siRNA, regulate mRNA translation through RNA interference (RNAi). Depending on the level of complementarity between the small RNA molecule and mRNA, the mRNA will be silenced (complete) or translationally repressed (partial). siRNA off-targeting effects occur through partial complementarity of the siRNA with unintended mRNA targets. Since the discovery t...

In inflammatory diseases, macrophages are a main producer of a range of cytokines regulating the inflammatory state. This also includes inflammation induced by tumor growth, which recruits so-called tumor-associated macrophages supporting tumor growth. Macrophages are therefore relevant targets for cytotoxic or phenotype-modulating drugs in the treatment of inflammatory and cancerous diseases. ...

With the cooperation of a large mobile service provider, we conduct a novel field experiment that simultaneously randomizes the prices of two competing movie theaters using mobile coupons. Unlike studies that only vary one firm’s prices, our experiment allows us to account for competitor response. We test mobile targeting based on consumers’ real-time and historic locations, allowing us to eval...

objective(s):multi-epitopic protein vaccines and direction of vaccine delivery to dendritic cells (dcs) are promising approaches for enhancing immune responses against mutable pathogens. escherichia coli is current host for expression of recombinant proteins, and it is important to optimize expression condition. the aim of this study was the optimization of multi-epitopic hiv-1 tat/pol/gag/env ...

abstract this study is an attempt to investigate the influence of targeting subsidies on price transmission pattern in iran's egg market. the targeting subsidies plan was imposed by 20 december 2010. using of daily price time series data, the study was conducted during december 2009 to october 2011. using ecm model, price transmission models were estimated for the two periods (e.g. before and a...