In Europe and Japan, various types of floating wind farms are being constructed. recent years, the size turbines has been increasing, structures have also getting larger. The generally classified into a semi-submersible, spar, barge types. advantages disadvantages each type depending on construction cost, response characteristics in waves, water depth (depending draft structure). semi-submersib...

The offshore wind energy market is developing fast. Turbines, substations and offshore sites are increasing in size and they are in more challenging environments. Therefore, the industry requires vigilance in maintaining standards to keep pace with technology developments, enabling safe deployment and long term operation. Certification of wind farms, wind turbines and their components is state-...

when a jack-up installed at a clay location and then leaves; it can create several meter deep footprints. in case of soft clay, the spudcan may have actually penetrated much deeper than the observed footprints. when the penetrated spudcan is pulled out, much of the soft remolded clay will flow around it and go back into the hole. this event, leaving a deep region of disturbed soil. the disturbe...